Language, Thought, and Communication

Flashcards on Language, Thought, and Communication

Piaget's Theory

Thinking comes first, then language develops from this.

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Language comes first, influencing how we think.

Strong Version of Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Language determines how we think.

Weak Version of Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Language influences how we think and helps 'carve up' the world.

Hopi Native Americans

Their language is 'timeless' and doesn't distinguish between past, present, and future, affecting their recall of events.

Zuni Native Americans

Their language has one word for shades of yellow and orange, causing difficulty recalling these colors.

Verbal Communication

Sending and receiving messages through spoken or written words.

Non-Verbal Communication

Sending and receiving messages without spoken words.

Eye Contact

Looking directly into another person's eyes; regulates conversation, signals attraction, and expresses emotions.

Body Language

Conscious and unconscious postures, gestures, and movements that convey attitudes and feelings.

Open Posture

Arms apart, chin up; shows approval.

Closed Posture

Crossed arms & legs; shows rejection and disagreement.

Postural Echo

Copying the posture of people we like, showing agreement.

Personal Space

Comfortable distance we are happy with others being in during social interactions.

Von Frisch's Bee Study

Demonstrated how bees communicate the location of food through waggle and circle dances.

Displacement

Humans can think and talk about things that are not present, unlike animals.

Open Systems (Human Communication)

Humans are able to show more creativity in their communication.

Closed Systems (Animal Communication)

Animals use closed systems which are not modified to give new meanings.

Darwin's Evolutionary Theory (NVC)

Non-verbal communication is adaptive and innate from animal ancestors.

Neonate Research

Babies show emotion through facial expressions before they have had time to learn them.

Yuki's Study of Emotions

Compared happiness ratings of emoticons between Japanese and American participants.