power and conflict 2

who wrote ozymandias

percy shelley

who wrote london

william blake

who wrote the prelude

william wordsworth

who wrote my last duchess

robert browning

who wrote the charge of the light brigade

alfred lord tennyson

who wrote exposure

wilfred owen

who wrote storm on the island

seamus heaney

who wrote bayonet charge

ted hughes

who wrote remains

simon armitage

who wrote poppies

jane weir

who wrote war photographer

carol ann duffy

who wrote tissue

imtiaz dharker

the emigrée

carol rumens

who wrote checking out me history

john agard

who wrote kamikaze

beatrice garland

what poem compares with ozymandias

london

* power of humans
* impact of power over others
* critiques hierarchy

what poem compares with london

checking out me history

* misuse of power
* authority
* agard shows a solution whilst blake does not

what poem compares with the prelude

storm on the island

* mans conflict with nature
* greater than the power of humanity
* journey of reflection / journey of fear

what poems compares with my last duchess

poppies

* power of patriarchy
* effect is has on men (naivety and confidence)
* defines roles of a mother vs monarchy

what poem compares with the charge of the light brigade

bayonet charge

* realities of war
* effects of war on soldiers
* animals and humans

what poem compares with exposure

remains

* modern warfare vs historical
* similar effects on soldiers
* power of nature and power of the mind

what poem compares with storm on the island

the prelude

* mans conflict with nature
* greater than the power of humanity
* journey of reflection / journey of fear

what poem compares with bayonet charge

charge of the light brigade

* realities of war
* effects of war on soldiers
* animals and humans

what poem compares with remains

exposure

* modern warfare vs historical
* similar effects on soldiers
* power of nature and power of the mind

what poem compares with poppies

remains

* traumatic experiences of a soldier
* memories of a bereaved mother
* impacts of war on individuals

what poem compares with war photographer

kamikaze

* social and emotional consequences of war
* choosing to participate
* choosing not to participate

what poem compares with tissue

ozymandias

* fragility of mans power
* both metaphorical

what poem compares with the emigrée

kamikaze

* outcasted by society
* how war effects citizens
* relationships between people

what poem compares with checking out me history

london

* misuse of power
* authority
* agard shows a solution whilst blake does not

what poem compares with kamikaze

remains

* life after war
* guilt of war
* honour and murder

ozymandias - key quotes: title

ozymandias means a once famous and respected person who has since been utterly forgotten

in greek ozymandias translates to Ramasses II

ramasses II was known for his military power and being a cruel leader

now not notable compared to other Pharos

ozymadias - key quotes: beginning

“half sunk, a shattered visage lies”

sibilance

“shattered” - strong/sharp adjective adds to the force of nature and how it destroyed his “vast”statue

“half” connotes a bilateral person showing the two sides of humans and how he believed his power would stand forever juxtaposing how his legacy has “sunk” in the “boundless and bare” desert

ozymandias - key quotes: middle

“a wrinkled lip and sneer of cold command”

alliteration

“wrinkled” connotes age suggesting his power was already fading juxtaposing how the statue was built in the “peak” of his legacy. shows how humans shouldn’t hold onto their power as it is temporary

“sneer” connotes inhumanity shows a lack of compassion and sympathy amongst dictators

idea is emphasised by the ‘c’ in alliteration creating a harsh tone to show how emotionless ozymandias is

ozymandias - key quotes: end

“lone and level lands stretch far away”

juxtaposes “look on my works”

takes credit for the empire that his slaves built but nothing is left which shows the fragility of human power

ozymandias context

shelley disliked how poorer classes were put down by royalty

believed poems should capture feelings and emotions and not just facts

london - key quotes: beginning

“marks of weakness, marks of woe”

“marks” connotes scarring metaphorical for the scars left by oppression leaving London vulnerable to the control of heirarchy

repetition of marks amplifies the suffering amongst the lower classes in London

uses “syntactic parallelism” to show how this feeling was collective amongst people

“weakness and woe” have a semantic field of suffering

london - key quotes: middle

‘the mind-forged manacles i hear”

metaphore

“manacles” connotes imprisonment religiously, socially, and politically

“mind-forged” connotes limitations which suggests how the chains are perpetuated by the citizens creating an internal prison

london - key quotations: end

“midnight streets i hear how the youthful harlots curse”

evokes darkness and fear showing how london is a damaged city

“midnight” connotes sinisterness which could suggest how londoners deal with death constantly looming

blake uses a direct criticism against the young prosititues and the dark conditions they have to work in and how they are cursed by the secret underground network of prositution

london context

inspired by the french revolution

blake critiques what is wrong with london to try cause his own revolution

further shown through colour symbolism “black’ning” and “blood” make reference to the french revolution

the prelude - key quotes: beginning

“one summer evening (led by her)”

ambiguous

“her” personification of nature

“(led by her)” in brackets could show how the poet believes it is insignificant and trying to dismiss the fact perhaps he is embarrased?

“summer” connotes sanctuary which juxtaposes how he feels when reaches the mountain

the prelude - key quotes: middle

“with trembling oars i turned”

personification

“trembling” connotes weakness shows how his confidence has disappeared and he has lost his hubris.

narrator is intimidated by nature showing how it is more powerful than arrogance and pride.

juxtaposes the strong, able-minded male stereotype but plays into the “romantic” ideals for a male

the prelude - key quotes: end

“ a trouble to my dreams”

juxtaposition

develops a form of PTSD

“trouble” connotes unsettlement and the reader empathises with him

shows a character growth how the poet now appreciates the intensity of nature rather than the delicacy as the beginning depicted nouns such as “willow” “cove” and “shore”

the prelude context

explores his childhood thoughts and imagery on the world and how it has evolved into deeper and more mature ideas with age

wordsworth had a big ego the extract is a diminution of his arrogance as he explores the power nature has over him

my last duchess - key quotes: beginning

“that’s my last duchess”

in medias res / ambiguity

possessive pronoun “my” connotes possession

could infer that the duke views women as a prize to own. later throughout the poem we learn that the duke is a collector as he has multiple statues, and paintings, and wives

could imply that it was his previous wife or his final wife

my last duchess - key quotes: middle

“her looks went everywhere”

hyperbole

he viewed her as unserious too many things made her happy

made the duke jealous that he could not control her and she was not interested in him perhaps as much as other men “she thanked men”

my last duchess - key quotes: end

“i gave commands; then all smiles stopped together”

euphemism

abuse of power - went to the full lengths to gain control over his wife

the duke strives for control but has to murder his wife to gain it off her

my last duchess context

based on Duke Alfonso II

set 3 years after his wife’s alleged poisoning

set in the dukes house showing a messenger his art collection

browning was heavily inspired by the italian renaissance

the charge of the light brigade - key quotes: beginning

“valley of Death”

metaphore

“death” connotes fatality

personification of Death (capitalising the D makes it a proper noun) could foreshadow the fate of the “six hundred” men

the repetition of “valley of Death” in stanza 1 could be to emphasise the true horror of what the soldiers experienced

the charge of the light brigade - key quotes: middle

“cannon to the right of them, cannon to the left of them, cannon in front of them”

symploce used for dramatic impact / emphasis

“cannon” has connotations of ambush showing the futility and suicidal tone of the attack

furthermore the feeling of being surrounded is more intense

the charge of the light brigade - key quotes: end

“when can their glory fade?”

rhetorical question

“glory” connotes honour showing how the mens bravery will live on

the narrator is more concerned about the image of the men rather than that they died physically

expresses to the reader how the men were viewed as courageous despite the fact they died

the charge of the light brigade context

written in response to how the british troops faced during the crimean war

criticism to how Lord Cardigan was responsible for 110 soldiers deaths

exposure - key quotes: title

“Exposure” is polysemic (has multiple meanings)


1. men are exposed to the enemy (Germans, and the weather)
2. exposed to the incompetence of power by the generals who failed to protect the men
3. ‘exposing’ the realities and experiences of war to the public

exposure - key quotes: beginning

“merciless iced east winds that knive us”

sibilance

the wind is personified to act as a deliberate enemy

“knive” connotes betrayal shows how the weather is fighting against the soldiers

exposure - key quotes: middle

“our ghosts drag home”

uses alliterative ‘g’'s

“ghosts” connotes death suggests how soldiers only way of returning home is dying

could also suggest that soldiers hallucinate and experience visions of home

reflects on the sadness and home-sick men

exposure - key quotes: end

“but nothing happens”

refrain/repetition

emphasises how owen believes war is futile

also a reference to how commanders failed to change the situation of soldiers allowing them to die in such circumstances

“nothing” connotes jadedness - historical reference that war is more waiting than fighting

exposure context

written in ww1

died one week before the end of the war by a german machine gunner

written to show the realities of war in protest of the propaganda spread at home

owen knew his comrades would want a quicker death by gun wound than dying slowly from hyperthermia

storm on the island - key quotes: title

“**storm on t**he island”

stormont is belfasts parliament

extended metaphore for irelands political troubles

representative of the political ‘storm’ in northern ireland

storm on the island - key quotes: beginning

“we are prepared”

ambiguous

plural pronoun “we” connotes community

the short sentence implies confidence

heaney is apart of a community and believes people should work together rather than fighting

storm on the island - key quotes: middle

“exploding comfortably”

oxymoron

suggests that the war has became normalised

“exploding” connotes power showing the magnitude nature and conflict has over people

storm on the island - key quotes: end

“strange, it is a huge nothing that we fear”

shows the domination of nature and the metaphorical storm over mans small concerns

conversational use of the word “strange” connotes nervousness leading the poem to end with an ambiguous conclusion not knowing whether the islanders will survive the storm (conflict)

storm on the island context

heaney was from northern ireland

writes about the countryside and his childhood experiences

poem describes a cliff top cottage on the coast of ireland during a storm

the storm is an extended metaphore for the irish civil war

bayonet charge - key quotes: beginning

“the patriotic tear that had brimmed in his eye”

oxymoron / political diatribe

past pluperfect “had” implies he no longer weeps for his country

feelings of belief have been changed to due the fear and horendous reality of war

“patriotic” connotes proudness metaphorical for the destruction war has on pride

bayonet charge - key quotes: middle

“ a yellow hare that rolled like a flame”

simile

also enjambment from stanza 2-3 creates a sense of ongoing action perhaps hughes suggesting that there’s no differentiation or clear time periods in the rush of war

descriptive adjective “yellow” symbolises 3 things

1 - cowardice within soldiers

2 - decay caused to the wildlife

3 - mustard gas causing hallucinations

“hare” connotes innocence perhaps the timidness of the soldier or represents the cruelness wildlife experience

bayonet charge - key quotes: end

“his terrors touchy dynamite”

alliteration (alliterative ‘t’ represents his fear as if being touched will make him jump)

implies the soldier is losing his capabilities of controlling his emotions

bayonet charge context

written about ww1

hughes dad fought in ww1

grew up in countryside writes about nature

remains - key quotes: beginning

“probably armed possibly not”

plosive

internal