l2 enveloped dna viruses (herpes virus) (varicella-zoster viruses)

herpesvirus

virion - spherical, 150-200 nm in diameter (icosahedral) *

Herpesviruses

The diseases are associated with primary infection and reactivated disease by a given virus

Herpesviruses

Genome - double-stranded DNA, linear, 125-240 kbp, reiterated sequences

Parvovirus (Parvoviridae)

all DNA viruses are double stranded except ___

complex symmetry

Poxvirus has __ symmetry

• Naked

  • Parvovirus (ssDNA)

  • Adenovirus

  • Papillomavirus

  • Polyomavirus

• Enveloped

  • Hepadnavirus

  • Heroesvirus

  • (poxvirus)

dsDNA viruses has isohedral symmetry (except poxvirus):

• Hepadnavirus

• Poxvirus

• Parvovirus

Viruses that have polymerase in the virion

• Herpes simplex virus type 1

• Herpes simplex virus type 2

• Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)

common examples of Alpha herpesviruses

short, cytolytic

growth cycle and cytopathology of Alpha herpesviruses

• Cytomegalovirus

• Human herpesvirus 6

• Human herpesvirus 7

common examples of Beta herpesviruses

Neurons

latent infections of alpha herpesvirus

Glands, kidneys (growth cycle - Long, cytomegalic)

Lymphoid tissue (growth cycle- Long, lymphoproliferative)

latent infections of Beta herpesvirus

Variable, lymphoproliferative

growth cycle and cytopathology of Gamma Herpesvirus

lymphoid tissue

latent infection of Gamma herpesvirus

• Epstein-Barr virus

• Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

• HHV 6

• HHV 7

• HHV 8? BV

common example of Gamma herpesvirus

they multiply in distal regions of sensory neurons na carried to ganglia

primary infection of Herpes Simplex viruses

Trigeminal nerve (?) and innervation in oral region

HSV1 - they enter the period of latency at __

ganglia

HSV2 - they enter the period of latency at __

-

recurrences in Herpes Simplex Virus are common

-

primary HSV infections are usually mild. most are asymptomatic

• Gingivostomatitis

• Pharyngotonsilitis

• Cold sores (fever blisters, herpes labialis)

Oropharyngeal diseases (Herpesvirus)

Keratoconjunctivitis

also known as Herpetic keratitis

Keratoconjunctivitis

recurrent lesions of the eye are common and appear as dendritic keratitis or corneal ulcers or as vesicles on the eyelids

Genital herpes

painful vesicular lesions of the male and female genitals and anal area

• Herpetic whitlow

• Herpes gladiatorum – commonly seen in

  wrestlers

• Eczema herpeticum (Kaposi's varicelliform

  eruption)

cutaneous infections of herpesvirus

Herpetic whitlow

cutaneous infection associated in occupation exposure and skin breakage (herpesvirus)

Herpes gladiatorum

cutaneous infection commonly seen in wrestlers (herpesvirus)

Meningitis/Encephalitis

HSV-1 infections that are considered the most common cause of sporadic, fatal encephalitis in the United States.

Meningitis/Encephalitis

necrotic lesions in one temporal lobe of the brain

Neonatal herpes

may be acquired in utero, during birth, or after birth (herpesvirus)

Neonatal herpes

Encephalitis with or without localized skin involvement Disseminated disease involving multiple organs

1. Oropharyngeal disease

2. Keratoconjunctivitis

3. Genital herpes

4. Cutaneous infections

5. Meningitis/Encephalitis

6. Neonatal herpes

7. Infections in immunocompromised host

clinical findings of herpes virus

• Acyclovir

• Valacyclovir

• Vidarabine

treatments in herpes virus

-

(treatment in herpesvirus) drugs do not eradicate the latent state but prophylactic?

URT or conjunctiva

route of infection of Varicella

10-21 days

incubation period of varicella

Cranial or thoracic ganglia

site of latency of varicella

• chicken pox

• Varicella pneumonia and encephalitis

• Neonatal varicella

diseases of varicella

Chickenpox

vesicles appear in crops, that may occur as macules, papules, vesicles, and crusts

-

varicella is mild in children but severe in adults

1. Varicella

2. Herpes Zoster (shingles)

Varicella viruses:

Herpes Zoster (Shingles)

Recurrent form of Varicella

Postherpetic neuralgia (PNH)

most common complication in elderly (shingles)

ayclovir

__ can prevent the development of systemic disease in varicella infected and can halt the progresssion of herpes zoster in adults

acyclovir, valacyclovir, famciclovir, and foscarnet

Antiviral drugs for varicella

Varicella-zoster immune globulin (VariZIG)

use for treatment of post-exposure prophylaxis of varicella

• Live attenuated varicella vaccine (SC)

• Herpes Zoster (Shingles) vaccine (SC)

prevention of varicella