IBEC Exam Review

Endometrial Carcinoma

A type of cancer that develops in the lining of the uterus

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

Occurs when plaque builds up in the arteries of the heart, reducing blood flow to the heart muscle

What is the source of new hair?

Sebaceous Glands

Which type of hair has a special attachment called the arrector pili muscle?

Terminal hair, not vellus

Clitoral Hypertrophy

Enlarged Clitoris

Amenorrhea

Lack of period

Virilism

Development of male characteristics in women

Iatric Hirsutism (Iatrogenic)

Hirsutism linked to drugs/medication

Superfluous Hair

Excessive hair growth

Minoxidil uses:

Kidney failure, SEVERE high blood pressure, hair growth stimulator

What is the prednisone family of medication linked to?

Excess hair and hyperpigmentation

Escutcheon Hair

Pubic hair on the bikini triangle region

What is neurology?

The study of the nervous system (regulates and coordinates body activities)

Afferent Nerves are

sensory, they carry impulses from sensory receptors to the nerve centers

Efferent Nerves are

motor, they carry impulses from nerve centers to the muscles

List the sensations for each of the following:

1. End of Bulb Krause

2. Pacinian Corpuscles

3. Ruffini’s End Organs

4. Merkles Disc Corpuscles

5. Meissners Corpuscles

1. Cold

2. Pressure

3. Warmth

4. Light Touch

5. Touch

Where does the interchange of nutrients and waste take place?

in the capillaries

Blood flows ? from the heart through the arteries

outward/away

What are the other names for honey colored scabs?

Eschar: lymph seepage, plasma seepage

Type 1 Diabetes

Juvenile and Insulin Dependent

Type 2 Diabetes

Adult and Non-insulin dependent (insulin resistance), lifestyle influence

Twin papillae/Pili Multigemini

Two hairs in one follicle

What are the laser (lasing) mediums?

Solid, liquid, gas

What does LASER stand for?

Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation

What does monochromatic refer to in laser?

the laser emits light at a single, specific wavelength, producing a pure (one) color of light

What does collimated refer to in laser?

the light waves within the beam are traveling parallel to each other, with minimal divergence

What does coherent refer to in laser?

the property where all the light waves within a laser beam are in alignment/in phase with each other

IPL is

traditional light flashlamp (400-1200 or 1400nm); incandescent light, flashlight, lightbulb

Longer pulse is better for which Fitzpatricks?

Fitz V and VI (5 and 6)

Shorter pulse is better for which Fitpatricks?

Fitz I-IV (1-4)

The distance between the upper and lower peak is called the:

amplitude

The distance from trough to trough or peak to peak is known as:

wavelength

Pulse width is measured in

milliseconds (ms)

Fluence is measured in

Joules (J/cm2)

Thermolysis is measured in

Hertz or Megahertz

Galvanic is measured in

milliamperes (1/1000 amperes)

Name the wavelengths for the following:

1. Alexandrite

2. Diode

3. ND-Yag

4. Ruby

5. IPL

1. 755nm

2. 810nm

3. 1064nm

4. 694nm

5. 400-1200 or 1400nm

What color hair is scanty of eumelanin but pheomelanin dominant?

Dark blonde hair

The smaller the spot size, the ? the energy should be.

Lower

If the laser machine keeps shutting off multiple times during service the device is not ? .

Properly calibrated

What type of infection is septicima?

General Infection

What type of infection is a boil?

Local infection

What is the difference between malignant and basal cell carcinoma?

Malignant = deadly; Basal Cell = most common

An enzyme detergent removes what?

Debris

What is another name for wart?

Verruca

What is another name for freckle?

Macule

What is chloasma?

Melasma, pregnancy mask pigmentation

How many units of lye should you use for coarse hair?

80 units

What is a keloid?

A hypertrophic scar (cicatrix)

What Fitzpatrick should you always perform a test patch on?

Either 3&4 OR 5&6

Vasodilation can lead to what?

Swelling

What is the term used for accumulation of fluid, also known as swelling?

Edema

What are examples of conductors?

Copper, gold, stainless steel, the human body

Practitioners should have the vaccination for which type of Hepatitis?

HBV

Laser possess what 3 qualities?

1. Monochromatic

2. Collimated

3. Coherent

IPL possess what 3 qualities?

1. Polychromatic

2. Noncoherent

3. Divergent

Where should you sit when performing electrolysis on the eyebrows?

Behind the clients head

What is not a symptom of diabetes?

Osteoporosis

What anchors or holds the hair in the follicle and surrounds/protects the growing hair?

Inner Root Sheath

What are the layers of the inner root sheath?

Cuticle, Huxley’s, Henle’s

Huxley’s Layer

The thickest of the three layers of the inner root sheath of a hair follicle, lying between Henle’s layer and the inner sheath cuticle

Henle’s Layer

The outer layer of cells of the inner root sheath of a hair follicle, lying between the outer root sheath and Huxley’s layer

In addition to basal cells and keratinocytes, what two other cells are located in the epidermis?

Melanocytes and Langerhans cells

Psoriasis is

Flakey, white/silver scales; not contagious

What state of an electron is between excited and resting?

Intermediate

In 1960, the first true laser was built by

Gordon Gould (if listed, Charles Maiman)

Photoepilation refers to

IPL, Laser, Flashlamps

A typical laser has what components

energy source, active medium, optical cavity/resonator

Grotthus-Draper Law states

without absorption, there is not effect; there needs to be absorption in order to have a reaction

Thermal storage coefficient is

the storage of heat in the chromophore

OSHA is regulated by

The Department of Labor

What hair phase is the easiest to treat and which is the best to treat?

Easiest = Early Anagen, Best = Last Anagen

Raynauds and Nikolsky’s Sign are

Contraindications

What is the best method for temporarily removing unsightly hair?

Close shaving

What is the difference between minoxidil and spironolactone?

Minoxidil = SEVERE high blood pressure medication

Spironolactone = high blood pressure

Which hormone affects almost all cell functions in the body?

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)

What is sexual infantilism?

Absence of puberty

What is the difference between milia and blackheads?

Milia = Closed comedones

Blackheads = open comedones

Other names for catagen phase

regression; involution

What is CIPA?

Contraindication → Congenital insensitivity to pain w/ anhidrosis; prevents people from feeling pain/temperature

What can cause infection when treating the upper lip with electrolysis?

Saliva and perspiration

What will happen to the tragi/tragus of the ear after excessive electrolysis treatment?

It will shrink

For electrolysis on the upper lip and brows its better to start treatment on

the outside corner and move to the center

What is Achard Thiers Syndrome

Hormonal disorder seen in post-menopausal women with diabetes, characterized by growth of body hair in a masculine distribution. Diabetes of bearded women.

Can be caused by combo of cushings and adrenogenital syndrome

Consumers are charged for electricity based on

kilowatts/hr used

What type of hair is scanty of eumelanin but pheomelanin dominant?

Dark Blonde Hair

If the laser machine keeps shutting off multiple times during service,

the device is not properly calibrated.

What does HPV stand for?

Human papilloma virus

What is HPV linked to?

Cervical cancer

Where does HIV store in the body?

Blood and body fluid / lymph

What is Faraday Law?

Intensity x Time = Lye Produced

What is Ohm’s Law?

Pressure of one volt to push a current of one ampere through a resistance of one ohm. OR Voltage = current x Resistance; Ohms = Resistance

What is required for Fitzpatrick 5-6 (OR 3-4) when performing laser treatments?

Patch Test

What is edema?

Swelling, excess fluid trapped in tissue; leaked plasma (pg 94)

What are the skin appendages?

Skin, nails, and the pilosebaceous unit/hair follicle (Pg 300)

Where are melanocytes in the skin found?

The germinativum, basal layer of epidermis, lower most layer of epidermis, innermost layer of epidermis

Where are melanocytes in the hair located?

In the cortex.

What does simultaneous blend modality mean?

Simultaneous = high frequency + galvanic flowing at the same time

What does sequential blend modality mean?

Sequential = high frequency + galvanic applied in sequence of pulses

What is tattooing on the skin?

When by mistake the probe is attached to the positive pole. Thus the stainless steel probe or needle will disintegrate leaving black oxide marks in the skin.