look at environmental context-dependency effect with the type of material and type of test typically encountered in school
New cards
2
What is an environmental context-dependency effect?
if the environment acts as a cue to recall information
New cards
3
What type of experiment was it?
exact details weren't published but is said some were tested in dorms so could be a field experiment could also be a laboratory experiment as conditions were controlled and ppt knew they were being studied
number of items correctly recalled on a short answer or multiple answer test
New cards
7
What was the experimental design?
Independent measures design each ppt tested in one condition
New cards
8
What was the sample?
8 experimenters recruited 5 ppts - 39 in total 17 females 22 males
New cards
9
What type of sample was it?
Opportunity sample selected ppts who were most easily available at the time
New cards
10
How old were the sample?
17 to 56 years old
New cards
11
What did each experimenter read?
standardised instructions
New cards
12
What materials/apparatus was used?
two page article noisy tape headphones recall test multiple question test
New cards
13
What else was recorded by experimenters during the experiment?
Time taken to read the article
New cards
14
What happened in phase 1?
ppts read article could highlight and underline words
New cards
15
What two things were the same for every participant?
Wearing headphones The article read
New cards
16
What happened after they read the article?
Given a 2 minute break This would minimise using short term memory in the tests
New cards
17
What happened after the 2 minute break?
Did short answer test then the multiple choice test
New cards
18
What happened at the end of the experiment?
ppts were debriefed
New cards
19
What test did ppts perform better on?
multiple choice test (recognition)
New cards
20
Why was the sample 39 not 40?
One persons scores were considerably different that the other
New cards
21
Why was the short answer test given before the multiple choice test?
ensure recall of info from the article was being tested not recall of info from the multiple choice test
New cards
22
What did the results of the time taken to read the articles show?
No significant differences between the conditions
New cards
23
What condition scored the highest results?
two matching conditions silent, silent noisy, noisy
New cards
24
What do the results show?
There are environmental context-dependency effects for meaningful info
New cards
25
What was a strength of the experiment?
Mundane realism students normally read and recall for test can be generalised to everyday life of students
New cards
26
What was a weakness of the experiment?
As students could be tested in their dorms, there could have been extraneous variables that could have distracted them this could have affected their final test score
New cards
27
What was a strength of the sample?
using students for this experiment could replicate their own studies
New cards
28
What are weaknesses of the sample?
Students are found to be demotivated so might not try as hard They would be more prepared for simple cognitive tasks
New cards
29
What data was collected?
quantitative data
New cards
30
Was the sample ethnocentric?
yes - American students Studying in different cultures may be different
New cards
31
What was the validity like?
high internal validity (face + concurrent) low external validity (ecological)
Studied by 6 people
