Lecture Outline 10 Dr.Lewis

Autoimmune disease

how the body reacts to those "self" cellular components that have gone awry and subsequently have taken on a state of foreignness

Hypersensitivity

the body exaggerated response to the introduction of foreign material

Immunodeficiency

the body lacks or has some types of defect in a particular components of the immune system

Mary Wortley Montagu

introduces varioloation to England

Varioloation

technique used to prevent smallpox

Edward Jenner

discovered the relationship between cowpox in dairy maids and small pox

Onesimus/Cotton Mather/Zabdeil Bolyston

slave that introduced variolation to America from African methods

Louis Pasteur

found immunity to diseases because of chickens

Elie Metchinikoff

discovered phagocytosis and Cellular Theory of Immunity

Von Behring and Kitasato

discovered antitoxins and Humoral Theory of Immunity

Resistance

ability of the body to defend itself against dangerous microorganism

Susceptibility

the body is incapable of warding off the invasion of infecting microorganism

Exogenous pathogen

pathogens that enter the host from an outside source such as from another host, the air, water and so on

Endogenous pathogens

pathogens, under certain conditions, turning into pathogenic agents against the host

Opportunistic pathogens

another name for endogenous pathogen

Types of infections

extracellular and intracellular

Extracellular infections

pathogen that replicate and proliferate in the extracellular environments between the host cells

Intracellular infections

pathogens such as viruses and certain bacteria which replicate and proliferate only when they are inside of host cells

RAKE

recognition, attacking, killing (neutralization), elimination

Innate

natural resistance (nonspecific defenses): physical, chemical barriers

Adaptive

acquired after birth (specific defenses with memory): antibodies