OB exam 1 (ch 1,2,3)

what is family-centered in maternal and child health nursing?

assessment that always includes the family

what is community-centered in maternal and child health nursing?

the health of families is both affected by and influences the health of communities

What is evidence-based in maternal and child health nursing?

Explanations should be evidence-based ans critical knowledge increases

birth rate?

total number of live births to the total population (births per 1,000 population)

fertility rate?

number of pregnancies per 1,000 biologic women of. childbearing age

fetal death rate?

number of fetal deaths per 1,000 live births

Neonatal death rate?

number of deaths per 1,000 live birth occurring at birth or in first 28 days of life

Perinatal death rate?

number of deaths during the perinatal period. (week 20 of pregnancy to 4-6 weeks after birth)

maternal mortality rate?

number of maternal deaths per 100,000 live births that occur from reproductive process

infant mortality rate?

number of deaths per 1,000 live births occuring at birth or in the first 12 months of life

childhood mortality rate

number of deaths per 1,000 population in children aged 1 to 14 years old

why is the birth rate and also teenage mom birth rate decreasing in the USA? what age group is increasing in number?

most moms are postponing having children until past college age

*mothers 40 year or older are increasing in number

the fertility rate is fewer in which kind of countries?

countries with fewer nutritional resources

Why are fetal death rates occurring?

maternal factors: premature cervical dilation, HTN , late prenatal care

fetal factors: chromosomal abnormalities or poor placenta attachment

what are the leading causes of neonatal death in the first month of life?

-premature babies with low birth weight

-SIDS

-injuries

-congenital malformations

-maternal complications

why is infant mortality rate not equal among all demographic groups of Americans? what areas have the highest rates?

unequal access to healthcare in different communities

*rates higher in:

-Native Alaskan

-Native American

-Black infants

what country has one of the highest infant mortality rates ?

USA

what are some factors that may contribute to national variances in infant mortality?

-type of health insurance

-care available

why was there an improvement in maternal mortality rates?

-increased prenatal care

-greater detection of disorder (ectopic pregnancy or placenta previa)

-control of HTN during pregnancy

-decreased use of anesthesia

-prevent/control hemorrhage and infection

which of these actions would be most likely to promote family-centered care?

a. restrict hospital visiting hours so patients can rest

b. place a limit on number of visitors per patient to improve patient security

c. solicit parent's preferences about the way education is delivered

d. restrict the pediatric play area to specific times

c.

the primary focus of which of these phases of healthcare is that education related to preventing complications?

a. health promotion

b. health maintenance

c. health restoration

d. health rehabilitation

d.

health promotion?

educating parents and children to follow sound health pratices through teaching and role modeling

health maintenance?

interventing to maintain health when risk of illness is present

health restoration?

using assessment to be certain that symptoms of illness are identified and interventions begin to store pts wellness

what is culture?

view of the world and set of traditions a specific social group uses to the next generation

what is transcultural nursing? what is required for trust between pt and nurse?

care guided by cultural aspects and respects individual differences

(in order for trust between nurse and patient, it requires communication, understanding, and repsect for the pt and their family)

what are taboos?

actions not acceptable to a culture

(abortion, robbery, lying)

when caring for patients with different languages or dialect what do we always have them do regarding nursing teaching?

always have the patient repeat pt teaching to be certain it was interpreted correctly

(ask for interpretuer etc)

as a nurse, never assume the nature of the parents, caregiver, family member , child/sibiling or gender roles. what should you do instead?

when meeting family members for the first time, simply ask the family to describe their roles in relations to the patient or the patient themselves

(ask for preferred pronouns as well)

what do some cultures stress about family boundaries during healthcare visits?

their boundaries should be carefully guarded and information about the family should NOT be freely given at healthcare visits

when caring for children, what do you need to identify regarding their primary caregiver before aksing the child what they like or any instructions?

identify the child's primary caregiver before giving any healthcare instructions to one family nemeber or another

(each culture family member varies on the pt)

in strong male-dominant cultures, who would give approval for hospital admission or therapy?

oldest male in the family would approve this

what might the female not be able to do in a strong male-dominant culture during healthcare visits?

-offer an opinion on their own health

-be too embarrsed to get physical exmaination by male doctor

if the nondominant member becomes ill, who has to act as an advocate for the patient?

the nurse

what type of violence may be higher in male-dominant cultures that rises with pregnancy?

intimate partner violence

why is evaluating male and female roles important as a nurse?

it can help you understand the impact of illness on a family

what is gender identity?

inner sense a person has of being male,female or nonbinary. it can be same as or different from the assigned sex at birth

what is sexual orientation?

a person's sexual identity in relation to the gender to which they are attracted; being heterosexual, homosexual, or bisexual.

how do nurses commuicate regarding sexual orientation? what kind of terminology used be used?

-ask about the patients partner, once more info is gathered abut the gender of the partner then make sure to educate the patient based on their needs

*netural terminology

what is gender dysphoria?

realization ones physical sex and gender are mismatched

(can cause stress and anxiety)

what is an exmaple of culture specific value or norm?

a. the expectation that communiaiton between the patient and the healthcare provider will be understood by both parties

b. the expectation to have only the spouse present during deliivery

c. the desire to have healthy family communication

d. the desire for the family to have enough basic necessities in life

b

in performing a family assessment, what is the best way to handle the situation of an english-speaking healthcare provider and parents who do not speak English?

a. assure that a translator from the healthcare organization is present

b. enlist the help of a neighbor visiting the home who speaks English

c. ask the oldest child in the family who has learned English to translate

d. ask the family to bring a friend who speaks english with them for the next visit

a.

the nurse is assessing a laboring patient for pain. which is the most important for the nurse to remember?

a. pain threshold sensation can vary widely from one culture to another

b. communication of pain is acceptable in all culture, so the patient will readily tell if they are in pain

c. ways of expressing pain is faily universal

d. use of a 0 (no pain) to 10 (the most pain) scale is an objective way of assessing pain

d.

what is family structure?

who its members are

what is family function?

activities or roles family members carry out

what is family or orientation?

family oen is born into

(oneself, parents, sibilings)

what is family procreation?

family one establishes

(oneself, spouse, significant other, children)

what is a cohabitation family?

couples maybe with children that live together but not married

what is nuclear family?

family composed of 2 parents and a child or children

what is a problem encountered by single-parent families?

low income

what is a blended family?

divorced or widowed person with children , marries someone who also has children

as a nurse never assume family roles and what should you be careful to not do?

make assumptions about family members in which role based on gender or stereotyping

-physical maintenance

-soicailization of family members

-allocation of resources

-maintenance of order

-division of labor

-reproduction, recruitment, and release of family members

-placement of memebers into the larger society

-maintence of motivation and morale

are all apart of what?

family tasks essential for a family to perform inorder to survive as a healthy unit

what are the developmental stages of families?

1. marriage

2. early childbearing family

3. family with preschool child

4. family with school-aged child

5. family with adolecent (oldest child is between 13-20 years)

6. launching stage family: a family with a late adolescent

7. family of middle-aged parents

8. family in retirment or older stage

What is a genogram? what do squares and circles represent?

diagram that details family structure and provides information about the familys health history and roles of various family members across generations

-squares = males

-circles = females

what provides detials about family structure and health rather than specifics about an indivdual patient?

genogram

what is an ecomap? what are the steps to building one and what is included?

diagram of family and community relationship

"fit of a family into their community"

1. draw circle in center to represent family

2.around the outside draw circles to represent family's community contacts (church, school, neighbors etc)

how do you know a family is fit in their community based on the ecomap?

have many outside circles (community contacts)

a community health nurse is performing a family assessment. the nurse asks questions about how many family memebers reside in the house and what the relationships are among them. what is the nurse assessing?

a. family member role

b. family function

c. family structure

d. family relation to the community

c. family structure

the advance pratice nurse is conducting health histories and physicals for a local high school football team, JP mentions that you have to consider thier grandparents as their primary contact and want them as the emergency contact. from this remark the nurse knows which is their most likely family structure?

a. a blended family

b. nuclear family

c. cohabition family

d. extended family

d

a community health nurse is conducting a family assessment on RS family, which is a nuclear family. in the course of the interview, the nurse asks who brings in the bulk of the familys income and is told that RS who works as a business associate. the answer establishes which role of RS in this family?

a. the primary decision maker for the family

b. the primary provider for the family

c. the primary problem solver for the family

d. the primary gatekeeper for the family

b