AMT Master Flashcards

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering key concepts in physics, chemistry, and aeronautics.

Matter

Anything that has mass and occupies space.

States of Matter

Solid, liquid, gas.

Solid

Definite shape and volume, not compressible.

Liquid

Definite volume, takes shape of container.

Gas

No definite shape or volume, compressible.

Lowest Energy State

Solid.

Highest Energy State

Gas.

Density

Mass per unit volume.

Density Formula

Density = Mass ÷ Volume.

Different Weights Same Size

Different densities.

Specific Gravity

Density ratio compared to water (liquids/solids) or air (gases).

Hydrometer

Tool that measures density of liquids.

Reading a Hydrometer

At the bottom of the meniscus.

Energy

Ability to do work.

Work

Force × distance.

Unit of Work

Joule.

Power

Work over time.

Power Formula

Power = Work ÷ Time.

Horsepower

33,000 ft-lb per minute.

Potential Energy

Stored energy.

Kinetic Energy

Energy of motion.

Atom

Smallest unit of matter.

Particles in an Atom

Protons, neutrons, electrons.

Charge of Proton

Positive.

Charge of Electron

Negative.

Charge of Neutron

Neutral.

Nucleus Location

Center of atom.

Atomic Number

Number of protons.

Atomic Mass

Protons + neutrons.

Element Type Determinant

Number of protons.

Molecule

Two or more atoms bonded.

Valence Shell

Outer electron shell.

Importance of Valence Shell

Determines bonding.

Inert Atom

Full valence shell, stable.

Ion

Atom that gains or loses electrons.

Positive Ion

Atom that has lost electrons.

Negative Ion

Atom that has gained electrons.

Expansion Cause

Heat.

Most Expansion

Gas.

Least Expansion

Solid.

Coefficient of Linear Expansion

Rate of expansion with temperature.

Airfoil

Wing shape that produces lift.

Lift

Force that opposes weight.

Drag

Resistance to motion.

Thrust

Forward force.

Weight

Force of gravity.

Stall

Loss of lift due to airflow separation.

Stall Cause

Airflow separation.

Frost Impact on Lift

Reduces lift significantly.

Aspect Ratio

Wingspan ÷ chord.

High Aspect Ratio Wings

Efficient, long, good high altitude.

Low Aspect Ratio Wings

Short, maneuverable, high speed.

Static Electricity

Build-up of electrical charge.

Static Discharge

Release of built-up charge.

Corona

Glow from ionized air.

Static Wick

Device that discharges static.

P-static

Radio interference from precipitation.

P-static Cause

Ionized particles hitting aircraft.

Pitot Tube Measurement

Airspeed.

Altimeter Measurement

Altitude.

Tachometer Measurement

Engine RPM.

VHF

Very High Frequency communication.

Newton’s 1st Law

Object stays at rest/motion unless acted on.

Newton’s 2nd Law

F = ma.

Newton’s 3rd Law

Equal and opposite reaction.

Centripetal Force

Inward force in circular motion.

Centrifugal Force

Apparent outward force.

Stress

Force per unit area.

Stress Formula

Stress = Force ÷ Area.

Types of Stress

Tension, compression, shear, torsion, bending.

Strain

Deformation due to stress.

Mechanical Advantage

Output force ÷ input force.

Lever

Simple machine with fulcrum.

Fulcrum

Pivot point.

Torque

Rotational force.

Torque Formula

Force × distance.

Pressure

Force per unit area.

PSI

Pounds per square inch.

PSIA

Absolute pressure.

PSIG

Gauge pressure.

Sound Measurement

Decibels.

STC

Supplemental Type Certificate.

TCDS

Type Certificate Data Sheet.

ICA

Instructions for Continued Airworthiness.

Logbook

Maintenance record.

Logbook Requirements

Date, work, name, cert number, signature.

Minor Repair

Simple repair.

Major Repair

Requires approved data.

Conformity Check

Ensures aircraft meets standards.

Rankine

Absolute temperature scale.

Kelvin

SI temperature scale.

BTU

British Thermal Unit.

Pascal

SI unit of pressure.

Venturi Tube

Measures fluid flow via pressure change.