The Cell Membrane: Properties

why is this so difficult ;-;

Phospholipids

The major component of the cell membrane is?

Concentration gradient

A difference in concentrations of a substance is also called?

Diffusion

The process of small molecules being dissolved in the cytoplasm/ECF may be able to move into or out of cells without expending energy

high to low

In diffusion, do substances move from high to low, or low to high?

yes

Do substances move independently along its own concentration gradient?

no

Can polar molecules be in the middle of a cell membrane?

Ficks law

What law governs the rate of diffusion

surface area

what property/factor is missing from this equation:

__________ _______ x Difference in Concentration / Thickness of membrane

Osmosis

Refers to the movement of water

yes

does water move along its own concentration gradient?

passive

Is osmosis active or passive transport?

amino acids

The ________ _______ lining the inside of the aquaporin push/pull the H2O molecules through

Isotonic

What kind of tonic:

equal amounts of solute and water

no

In an isotonic solution, is there any net movement?

Hypotonic

What kind of tonic:

More solute inside the cell than outside

In

In a hypotonic solution, do water molecules go in or out of the cell?

Hypertonic

What kind of tonic:

More solute outside the cell

Out

In a hypertonic solution, do water molecules go in or out of the cell?

Ionophores

Type of passive protein channel:

Meant for ions

Gated channels

Type of passive protein channel:

Stimulus opens/closes

Aquaporins

Type of passive protein channel:

Meant for water

Facilitated diffusion

Diffusion involving carriers or pores

Focuses on the diffusion of larger particles

temperature

_________ will affect the fluidity of a cell membrane causing it to change from fluid states to solids state

Decreases

At warm temperatures, cholesterol restrains the movement of phospholipids and increases/decreases fluidity?

cool

At warm/cool temperatures, cholesterol maintains fluidity by preventing tight packing

proteins

What macromolecule determines most of the membranes specific functions?

s

Quick note: (press s to skip)

Proteins in the membrane provide help with cell functions including:
Transport

Enzymatic activity

Signal transduction

Intercellular joining

Cell-cell recognition

Attachment to the cytoskeleton and ECM

Yes

can the 2 layers of membranes have a different lipid composition

Carbohydrates

What macromolecule is responsible for cell recognition?

Oligosaccharides

What kind of saccharide is found outside the cell membrane and used as cell recognition.