AP PSYCHE MODULE 0.1 and 0.2 FLASHCARDS SWAP TERM WITH DEFINITION

0.1 Why is psychology considered a science?

Because It is the result of a scientific approach based on careful observation, testing, and analysis.

0.1 What are the three elements of the scientific attitude?

Curiosity, skepticism, and humility.

0.1 Define curiosity in the context of science.

A desire to explore and understand the world without misleading or being misled. “When put to the test, can prediction be confirmed?”

0.1 Define skepticism in science.

Questioning claims and demanding evidence; not accepting things at face value. “What do you mean? How do you know?”

0.1 What is humility in the scientific attitude?

Accepting when one is wrong and being open to new perspectives and findings. “That was unexpected. Let's explore further, willing to be surprised and follow new ideas.”

0.1 What is critical thinking?

Is the process of assuming, appraising sources, discerning hidden biases, evaluating evidence, and assessing conclusions to form a reasoned judgment.

0.1 How does critical thinking relate to the scientific attitude?

It uses curiosity, skepticism, and humility to question assumptions and evaluate evidence.

0.2 What is hindsight bias?

Is the tendency to believe something after one event, “the I knew it all along phenomenon,” that we would have foreseen it.

0.2 What is overconfidence?

The tendency to overestimate our knowledge or abilities. Overconfidence often drives us to quick rather than correct thinking 

0.2 What is perceiving order in random events?

Seeing patterns or meaning in random data when none exist. We seek patterns to make sense of the world because randomness feels unsettling.

0.2 What corrects the limits of intuition and common sense in psychology?

The scientific method and empirical research.

0.2 What are the three main reasons we cannot rely on intuition/common sense alone?

Common sense is flawed due to three powerful tendencies: hindsight bias, overconfidence, and our tendency to perceive patterns in random events.

0.2 Superforecasters are?

People who avoid overconfidence, using facts, balancing clashing arguments, to settle on an answer.