Heating and Applications of Forces

Flashcards from the lecture notes

Moment of Force

The turning effect of a force.

Moment Calculation

Moment = force x perpendicular distance from the line of action of the force to the axis of rotation

Independent Variable

The factor that is changed in an investigation. (In Abi's experiment, it was the amount of salt.)

Conduction

The process by which vibrating particles transfer energy to neighboring particles.

Convection

Warmed water becomes less dense and rises.

Evaporation

The process where particles escape from the surface of a liquid even below its boiling point.

Heat Loss in a House

Heat is lost through the walls, roof, draughts, windows, and floor.

Reducing Heat Loss through Windows

Use thicker curtains or double glazing.

Energy Transfer

When energy is transferred to air, the air molecules collide with more force.

Gas Pressure

Gas molecules exert pressure by colliding with the walls of the container.

Effect of Increased Temperature on Gas Molecules

Gas molecules move with greater force.

Pressure Calculation

Pressure = Force / Area.

Turning Moment

Force multiplied by the distance from the pivot.