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1821
First Public High School
1825
Completion of the Erie Canal
Traditional Education
Passing on knowledge and tradition of the past to new generations
Blue-Backed Speller
American Spelling book
Noah Webster
Wrote America’s 1st dictionary
Horace Mann
Promoted primary education for all children; created the 1st normal schools to train teachers
1821
America’s 1st tax-supported high school in Boston
University of North Carolina
1st state university
Oberlin U.
1st Co-ed college
Mcguffey readers
What book was written by William H. McGuffey
Horace Mann
Who created the 1st normal schools
Free schools
What were public schools called
Boston
Where was America’s 1st tax-supported high school
Wesleyan College
1st college for only women
Lyceums
Organizations that conducted discussions and established libraries and public schools
Josiah Holbrook
founded the 1st Lcyceum
Newspapers and Magezines
New York Tribune
Founded by Horace Greeley; 1st newspaper to gain a national readership
William Dean Howells
discovered and published many of America’s greatest writers
Steel Plow
invented by John Deere during the 1830s; made plowing easier for the rocky soil in the North
Reaper
invented by Cyrus McCormick; allowed for easier harvest of grain
Cotton Gin
Invented by Eli Whitney (1793)
Telegraph
What allowed for papers to be printed with great speed
Horace Greeley
Who founded the New York Tribune
Eli Whitney
Who invented the Cotton Gin
South
What region was the cotton industry revolutionized
South
What region did Cotton became king
Domestic System
Majority of work and production in Colonial America was based around what system?
Francis Lowell
power loom
Elias Howe
Sewing machine
James Watt
Invented the first practical steam engine
Oliver Evans
High-pressured steam engine
Cumberland Road
America’s 1st “highway”
Macadam Roads
created by John Macadam; added drainage to roads
Samuel Slater
Who brought the factory system to America from England
Samuel Slater
Who is known as the father of the American Factory system
Textile Industry
What prospered more than any other industry
High-pressured steam engine
What did Oliver Evans invent
Practical steam engine
What did James Watt invent
Corduroy Roads
What were most of the roads in the 1800s
Robert Fulton
invented the 1st steamboat, the Clermont
Clinton
Popularized the use of canals; completed the Erie Canal in 1825
Railroads
Most expensive yet convenient form of transportation
Clipper Ship
greatly cut ocean travel time across the Atlantic
Steamboats
Most were made in England; caused a decline in American shipbuilding industries
Pony Express
mail-carrying company between Missouri and Califronia (1860)
Telegraph
invented by Samuel Morse (1844);
The Clermont
What was the name of the 1st steamboat
Erie Canal
What did DeWitt Clinton create
Samuel Morse
Who invented the telegraph
Transatlantic Cable
A series of underwater cables laid for telegraph communication
Matthew Maury
Mapped the ocean for the cable; “Pathfinder of the Seas”
Cyrus Field
laid the cable and completed the project (1858)
Investors
invested capital money into corporations for profit
Laborers
Common working class people working in factories
West
What region saw the most dramatic growth
Ireland and Germany
What countries were majority of immigrants from
Romantic era
What is the mid 19th century considered as
Cooper
wrote 1st truly American fiction
Edgar Allan Poe
developed the detective story and mystery genre
Detective Story and Mystery Genre
What 2 books did Edgar Allan Poe develop?
Longfellow
most popular American poet of the 19th century; fireside poet
Fireside poet
What is Longfellow known as?
Herman Melville
Known for writing Moby Dick
Moby Dick
What is America's only great epic?
Bancroft
Father of American History
Thomas Cole
Hudson River School
Edward Hicks
The Peaceable Kingdom
The Peaceable Kingdom
What did Edward Hicks write?
Shape Notes
What in music was developed?
Mason
Music education. In Public Schools
Foster
“Father of American Music”
1836
Texas War for Independence
1845
Annexation of Texas
1848
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
1849
California Gold Rush
Moses Austin
granted a large tract of land in Texas by the govt. Of Mexico
Stephen Austin
1st to lead American settlers to Texas
General Santa Anna
Leader in Mexico
Sam Houston
Leader of Texan Forces
The Alamo
First major battle of the war
William Travis
led the Texans against Santa Anna's army
Crockett and Bowie
What 2 defenders were killed in the Alamo?
Lone Star Republic
What was established when the Mexican army surrendered?
Sam Houston
1st president of Texas
Plebiscite
expression of the people's will by a vote; Texas wanted to be annexed to America
Slavery
Why was the North against Texas joining the war?
Hudson Bay Company
established an extensive fur trade for England
Jason Lee
established a Methodist mission in the Oregon Territory
1846-1848
Mexican War
1845-1849
President James Polk
1853
Gadsden Purchase
Jason Lee
established a Methodist mission in the Oregon Territory
Dr Marcus Whitman
Presbyterian medical missionary sent by the American Board of Foreign Missions
Narcissa Whitman and Eliza Spalding
1st white women to journey west of the Rockies
Great Migration
Led by Marcus Whitman across the Rockies to settle Oregon
Oregon Trail
The main “road” that settlers took to the Oregon Territory; most travelled by Conestoga wagons
Jedediah Smith
The South Pass
James K. Polk
Defeated Henry Clay in the election of 1844
“Fifty-four Forty or Fight”
Polk’s famous campaign slogan of his willingness to fight the British for Northwest territory