Failure to reform - The Communist Party and The Soviet Government

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10 Terms

1

Gorbachev’s aims

Aim for Democracy

Freedom of Speech

avoid dangers

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2

Aim for Democracy

wanted to move the one party dictatorship towards a democracy

under communist theory, dictatorship should of been temporary

way to purge conservatives out of the party

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3

Avoid dangers

avoid undermining the party too much with fears of collapse

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4

Freedom of speech

wanted to make people less cynical about communist rule

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5

Reforming the communist party and soviet government

Encouraging debate

purging old members

glasnost

Republic elections

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6

Encouraging debate

1985 Gorbachev tried to open up debate in the party

public was also given access to more records and documents

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7

purging old members

Gorbachev purged old members who had close ties with Brezhnev

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8

Glasnost

one of Gorbachev’s most enduring legacies as leader

‘openness’ relied on the idea that the government had a responsibility to be truthful to the people about Soviet history and its economy.

This included a more liberal approach to the media.

1988: Criticisms of Marx and Lenin began to appear in the press. Foreign media became more widely available.

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9

Party Conference

1988 - elections to soviets

Citizens could choose between different candidates from within the Communist Party.

The first election of this sort took place in 1989. 5 members of the Central Committee lost their seats, and more radical (reforming) Communists were more successful.

Radicals like Boris Yeltsin did well. He won 89% in Moscow

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10

Republic elections

1990 - A further weakening of the Communist Party happened during the nationwide elections of 1990. ‘Democratic Russia’ secured 85% of the seats in Moscow.

It became increasingly clear that Gorbachev’s reforms were backfiring.

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