Sports Medicine Exam 2

know anatomical structures of knee & ankle, know basic concepts of all units, difference between meniscal repair and meniscectomy

What is the primary responsibility of the clinician approach to rehabilitation?

design, implement, and supervise rehab plans

When does rehabilitation begin?

immediately after injury

What are 3 approach components for rehab?

control pain and inflammation, maintain or improve ROM, restore and increase strength

Because of the competitive nature of sports, what must rehab be?

aggressive

What does training and conditioning limit?

the possibility of injury

What are the major components of rehab programs?

minimize initial swelling and control pain

What does minimizing swelling do?

speeds the healing process

What is neuromuscular control?

mind’s attempt to teach the body conscious control of a specific movement

What is proprioception?

joint position sense

What is kinesthesia?

ability to detect movement

What is kinesthesia and proprioception mediated by?

mechanoreceptors in muscles and joints, and cutaneous, visual, and vestibular inputs

What does neuromuscular control rely on?

CNS, to integrate all areas to produce coordinated movements

Where are joint mechanoreceptors?

ligaments, capsules, menisci, and labrum

What are joint mechanoreceptors responsible for?

changes to joint position, pressure, touch, and temperature

What are the muscle mechanoreceptors?

muscle spindles and golgi tendon organs

What are muscle spindles?

sensitive to changes in length of muscle

What are golgi tendon organs?

sensitive to changes in tissue tendons

What is the important component of all strengthening and prevention programs?

core

What is core defined as?

lumbo-pelvic complex

What does core improve?

What are physiological movements?

result from active voluntary muscle contractions

What are accessory motions?

one articulating surface moves relative to another

What happens if physiological movements are restricted?

stretching can increase flexibility

What happens if accessory motions are restricted?

joint mobilization increases capsular and ligamentous

Where should ROM be when working on strength?

pain-free

When are isometrics performed in a rehab program?

early part following period of immobilization

What are concentric contractions?

shortening of muscle

What are eccentric contractions?

lengthening of muscles

What do isokinetic exercises use?

fixed speeds

What do isokinetic units measure?

torque, force, average power, and work ratios