Studied by 5 people
what is credibility
when research is believable
two reasons to consider ethical issues - human
safeguard the interests of the participants and protect them from physical and mental harm - maintain the high professional reputation to attract grants and participants
what is the aim of the BPS code of ethics and conduct 2009
provides ethical standards and framework for decision making
what are the four ethical principles of the structure of the code
respect, responsibility, competence, integrity
what does respect mean
respecting the dignity of all people
what does responsibility mean
ensure the trust of others isn't abused
what does competence mean
ability to use their skills, experience, training and knowledge to a professional standard
what does integrity mean
being accurate, honest and consistent with words and actions
what is the underlying philosophical approach of the BPS code of ethics and conduct
don unto others as you would
reasons to use animals in psychological research (5)
ethical reasons, similarities to humans, good participants, theoretical knowledge, practical application
why are animals used for ethical reasons
some experiments are unethical for human tested but important enough to be justified for animal testing
how are animals similar to humans
rats have similar brain structure and neurotransmitters so can make valid generalisations
why are animals good participants
they don't try and understand the experiment and they can be standardised easier so the experiments can be easily replicated
why are animals useful for practical applications
treatments and therapies created by operant conditioning
what are the 8 ethical guidelines of animal use
legislation, replacing the use, choice of species, number of animals, procedures, procurement of animals, animal care, disposing of animals
what are the three r's
replace, reduce, refine
what are the three p's (licenses)
personal, project, place
what is risk management
the forecasting and evaluation of ethical trials together with the identification of procedures to mobiles their impact w
what is an ethical dilemma
a situation in which two moral principles conflict with one another
what are the four stages or risk management
identify the risk, asses it, plan response, implement it
who do costs and benefits effect
participants, wider society, academic discipline of psychology
definition of reliability
when the research is produced consistently
definition of validity
the extent to which a study measured what is should
concurrent validity
comparing results with other established results
predictive validity
how well a test predicts future behaviour
what is ecological validity
when research from one environment can be generalised to a different environment
generalisability
the extent to which research can be applied to other research
objectivity
not allowing personal interpretations to influence the experiment
subjectivity
allowing personal opinions to influence the way data is interpreted
advantages of quantitative data
more reliable as the research is easier to be replicate
disadvantage of quantitative data
lacks richness and detail so decreases validity
advantages of qualitative data
rich and detailed information about behaviour
disadvantages of qualitative data
open to interpretation more subjective
Note