2.1 Classical conditioning

Classical Conditioning

A learning process that involves repeated association of two different stimuli, where learning is passive and response is involuntary.

Neutral Stimulus (NS)

An object that elicits no particular response prior to conditioning.

Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)

An object that naturally elicits an unlearnt, involuntary reaction.

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

A previously neutral stimulus that, after conditioning, elicits a conditioned response.

Unconditioned Response (UCR)

The unlearnt, involuntary reaction to an unconditioned stimulus.

Conditioned Response (CR)

The learned response to a conditioned stimulus after conditioning has occurred.

Three Phases of Classical Conditioning

The process includes Before (NS and UCS), During (pairing NS with UCS), and After (NS becomes CS leading to CR).

During Conditioning

The stage where the neutral stimulus is paired with unconditioned stimulus to elicit an unconditioned response.

After Conditioning

The phase where the neutral stimulus now elicits a conditioned response.