hist 2340 final - primary sources

How did the Taif Agreement restructure Lebanon's power-sharing?

It established a Christian-Muslim sectarian balance.

What was Syria's role under the Taif Agreement?

Syria gained political and military control over Lebanon.

What did Europeans do in Islamic lands (Hassan al-Banna)?

Exploited resources, corrupted societies, and imposed materialism.

What are Hassan al-Banna’s goals for Muslims? How will he achieve them?

Free Islamic lands from foreign rule, create an Islamic state.

Relentless faith and work

What is Sayyid Qutb's critique of modern civilization?

Ignores God’s guidance

What does Sayyid Qutb argue about Western and Eastern ideologies?

Both fail—Western democracy is bankrupt, and Marxism is against human nature.

What is the necessary step for Islamic revival, according to Sayyid Qutb?

Caliphate

What was Mossadegh's stance on the oil dispute with Britain?

Iran sought a fair settlement, but Britain used threats and rumors to protect its illegitimate interests.

Why did Mossadegh argue for the nationalization of Iran's oil industry?

Britain exploited Iran. Iran had a right to its own oil

How did the British government react to Iran’s oil nationalization?

Rejection

What was Mossadegh’s response to British actions?

Severed diplomatic ties with Britain

What did Khomeini accuse the Iranian government and Majles of doing?

Signing a peace treaty that enslaved Iran

What did Khomeini think of the American influence on Iran?

It was humiliating and destroying the society from within

How did Khomeini describe the state of Iran’s economy?

Controlled by USA and Israel

Which countries did the Truman Doctrine focus on? (2) Why

Greece and Turkey.

Stop communism

What does the Eisenhower Doctrine authorize the U.S. to do in the Middle East?

Assist developing nations there with economic and military support. Against communism

What does the Eisenhower Doctrine allow the U.S. to do in case of armed aggression from a nation controlled by International Communism?

Deploy U.S. armed forces to protect the territorial integrity and political independence of nations

What was the primary concern addressed by the Eisenhower Doctrine in relation to the Middle East?

Communism in ME

What is America's role after the Gulf War, according to President George H. W. Bush?

Work with Middle Eastern nations for regional security

What does President George H. W. Bush say about weapons of mass destruction?

Control their creation in the Middle East and Persian Gulf

What was the first test of the new world order, according to President George H. W. Bush?

The Gulf War

Clinton - who bombed kenya and tanzania embassies

Bin laden networks

What does President Bill Clinton say is the ultimate target of terrorist attacks?

America's ideals (openness, freedom, and tolerance)

What made the threat to America different after September 11th, according to President George W. Bush?

Threat was from a small group. Not a country

What does President George W. Bush say is the gravest danger to freedom?

The intersection of radicalism and technology

What action does President George W. Bush emphasize to protect America's security?

Preemptive action to confront threats before they emerge.

List of what the presidents were worried about (ON EXAM)

Truman -

Eisenhower -

Carter -

HW Bush -

Clinton -

W Bush -

Communism

Communism

Rising ME tensions (revolution, invasion, etc)

WMDs

Terrorism

Terrorism

Why did france lose algeria despite winning the battle for algiers

They lost the french public opinion

T/F confessional system included jews and druze

false

4 things mentioned in the carter doctrine

iran revolution

soviet invasion of afghanistan

iraqi invasion of iran

israel peace deal

How is al qaeda different from different terrorist groups

it is multinational rather than being for a single country

what did mossadegh’s attempt to nationalize oil in iran cause?

a coup

what are nixon’s “two pillars” (countries)

iran, saudi

in year of the elephant, what drink do the women boycott

tea

what was the first country colonized by western powers? what year

algeria, 1830