FMGT0213 Basic Information and Computer Technology Chapter 1 – Computer and Information Technology

Vocabulary flashcards covering key terms from Chapter 1: Computer and Information Technology.

Computer literacy

An understanding of concepts, terminology, and operations related to general computer use; essential knowledge to function independently with a computer.

Data

Raw, unprocessed facts such as text, numbers, images, and sounds.

Information

Processed data that becomes meaningful and usable.

Technology

A process to accomplish objectives by using scientific methods and knowledge; anything created by humans to solve problems.

Information technology

The use of computers, storage, networks, infrastructure, processes, and methods to accomplish tasks and objectives.

Hardware

The physical components of a computer that input, process, and output information; includes devices and types of computers.

System unit

The tower or chassis that houses the computer’s main electronic components, including microprocessors and memory.

Microprocessor

The component that controls and manipulates data to produce information.

Memory

A holding area for data, instructions, and information; RAM is a common type.

RAM

Random-access memory; volatile memory that holds the program and data currently being processed.

Secondary storage

Non-volatile storage that retains data and programs after power is off.

Hard disk

Magnetic storage using spinning platters to store programs and large data files.

Solid-state storage

Storage with no moving parts, more reliable and power-efficient; non-volatile.

Optical discs

Laser-based storage such as CDs, DVDs, and Blu-ray discs.

Input device

Hardware that translates data and programs into a form the computer can process.

Output device

Hardware that presents processed data in a human-useful form.

Keyboard

Primary input device for typing characters into the computer.

Mouse

Pointing input device used to interact with the computer.

Monitor

Display output device for viewing processed information.

Printer

Output device that produces hard copies of digital content.

Speaker

Output device that emits audible sound.

Projector

Output device that enlarges and displays images on a screen.

Camera

Input device that captures images or video.

Microphone

Input device that captures audio.

Biometric system

Input method using unique biological traits (e.g., voice, fingerprint) for identification.

Scanner

Input device that converts physical documents into digital form.

Game controller

Input device such as a joystick or dance pad used for gaming.

Modem

Communication device that modulates/demodulates signals to transmit data over networks.

Wi-Fi

Wireless networking technology enabling device connectivity to networks and the Internet.

Bluetooth

Short-range wireless technology for device-to-device communication.

Computer network

A set of connected computers sharing resources and information.

Document file

A file created by a word processor to store text documents.

Worksheet file

A file created by a spreadsheet to store data and calculations.

Database file

A file created by a database program to store structured data.

Presentation file

A file created by presentation software to deliver slides and notes.

Online classes

Digital classes conducted over the Internet, enabling remote learning.

E-procurement

Electronic purchasing of goods and services, often used by governments.

Cyber crime

Criminal activity conducted via computer networks and the Internet.

Copyright and intellectual property

Legal rights protecting creators’ works; issues arise with digital distribution and ownership.

Education technology

Use of technology to enhance education, including online classes, quizzes, and resource access.

Government technology

Technology applications like e-procurement and attendance systems used in government.

Entertainment technology

Technology enabling new ways to watch and share media; includes streaming platforms and related copyright considerations.

Retail technology

Online platforms for trading and shopping; concerns include cyber crime and regulatory changes.

Publishing technology

Digital methods of reading and publishing; transition to paperless publishing; copyright concerns.