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Sleep is
the deepest, most relaxed state of consciousness
there are large differences in sleep depending on age such as
we sleep less as we age, REM sleep duration decreases in early childhood, we get less deep-stage sleep the older we get
this variation is due to
genetic difference, levels of stress, social relationships and employment
the restoration model of sleep suggests
that sleep allows s to recharge and recover from physical and mental fatigue, this means activities that increases wear on the body will lead to increase sleep movements
levels of cellular waste (adenosine) produced during
metabolic activity, decrease during sleep, suggesting that sleep supports cellular restoration
the evolutionary model of sleep suggests that sleep
increases a species chance of survival in relation to the environmental demands, sleep allows a species to conserve energy and be minimally active during periods of the day/night when they are most vulnerable, this is supported by observations of sleep for large prey which sleep in exposed environments
metabolic rates drop
around 10 to 20 percent during sleeping hours compared to waking rest