Skin and Ear Disorders in Small Animal Nursing

These flashcards summarize key terms and concepts related to skin and ear disorders in small animal nursing, covering anatomy, common conditions, and treatments.

Skin

The largest organ in the body, part of the integument system, comprising hair, footpads, nose pad, claws, and accessory organs (glands).

Functions of Skin

Includes protection from the environment, sensation, secretion, storage, thermoregulation, and communication.

Epidermis

The outermost layer of skin, typically consisting of 3-5 layers, with the stratum corneum being the thickest in footpads and noses.

Dermis

Also known as the corium, this layer contains blood and lymphatic vessels, nerve endings, hair follicles, and glands.

Hypodermis

The subcutaneous layer beneath the dermis, consisting mainly of fat and connective tissue.

Foot Pads

Thick layers of fat and connective tissue with exocrine sweat glands and lamellar corpuscles, providing protection and cushioning.

Claws

Keratinized structures that provide protection and grip; they grow continuously and retract in cats.

Aural Hematoma

An accumulation of blood between the skin and cartilage of the pinna, often caused by trauma, resulting in pain and swelling.

Otitis Externa

Inflammation of the soft tissue of the external ear canal, potentially caused by multiple factors and resulting in a painful condition.

Ectoparasites

Organisms that live on the exterior of another host; examples include ear mites, mange, fleas, ticks, and lice.

Atopic Dermatitis

A chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with allergens, leading to red, itchy skin and potentially gastrointestinal signs.

Pyodermas

Superficial bacterial infections of the skin, often involving Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, characterized by pustules and folliculitis.

Skin Tumors - Benign

Localized abnormal growths such as histiocytomas and lipomas, typically not aggressive but may require surgical removal.

Skin Tumors - Malignant

Tumors that can be locally invasive or metastatic, including fibrosarcomas and mast cell tumors, requiring aggressive treatment.

Anal Sacs

Glands located at 4 and 8 o'clock positions in dogs that can become impacted or infected, often leading to scooting or licking behaviors.