Evaluation and Management of Multisystem Disorders - Sleep Disorders

A comprehensive set of flashcards covering terminology and concepts related to sleep disorders, their management, and assessment.

Sleep Disorders

Medical conditions that disrupt sleep, including insomnia, obstructive sleep apnea, and restless legs syndrome.

Chronic Pain

A medical condition that can disrupt sleep.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)

A common sleep disorder characterized by repetitive episodes of upper airway obstruction during sleep.

Insomnia

Difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, often linked to daytime consequences.

Sleep Latency

The time it takes to fall asleep after getting into bed.

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)

A disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move the legs due to uncomfortable sensations.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I)

A structured program that helps to identify and replace thoughts and behaviors causing or worsening sleep problems.

Dreaming

A cognitive and sensory experience during sleep characterized by the occurrence of vivid experiences.

Circadian Rhythm

The body's natural 24-hour cycle that regulates sleep and wakefulness.

Polysomnography (PSG)

An overnight sleep study that measures various physiological parameters during sleep.

Sleep Hygiene

Practices that promote consistent, uninterrupted sleep.

Total Sleep Time

The total duration of sleep obtained in a 24-hour period.

Sleep Efficiency

The ratio of total sleep time to time spent in bed.

Parasomnias

Abnormal behaviors or experiences occurring during sleep, such as sleepwalking or nightmares.

Hypersomnia

Excessive sleepiness during the day not attributed to disturbed nocturnal sleep.

NREM Sleep

Non-rapid eye movement sleep, which comprises light to deep sleep stages.

REM Sleep

Rapid eye movement sleep, the stage where most dreaming occurs.

Circadian Sleep Disorders

Disruptions in the normal circadian rhythm that can interfere with sleep patterns.

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS)

An uncontrollable tendency to fall asleep during the day.

Sleep-Related Breathing Disorders

Disorders that involve interruptions in breathing during sleep, primarily OSA and central sleep apnea.

Light Therapy

A treatment often used for circadian rhythm sleep disorders involving exposure to bright light at certain times.

Melatonin

A hormone that regulates sleep-wake cycles, often used as a supplement to aid sleep.

Sleep-related Movement Disorders

Conditions characterized by involuntary movements that disrupt sleep, such as periodic limb movements.

Actigraphy

A method of monitoring human rest/activity cycles, often used to track sleep patterns.

Treatment of Chronic Insomnia

Combination of non-pharmacological (like CBT-I) and pharmacological approaches.

Medication for Insomnia

Drugs such as benzodiazepines and non-benzodiazepines used to treat sleep disorders.

CBT-I Strategies

Stimulus control, sleep restriction, and relaxation therapy used in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia.

Chronic Insomnia

Persistent difficulty in initiating or maintaining sleep that lasts for at least three months.

Sleep Fragmentation

Interruption in sleep architecture characterized by frequent awakenings.

Cataplexy

A sudden loss of muscle tone often associated with narcolepsy.

Polysomnography Indications

Used for diagnosing conditions where physiological disturbances are suspected.

Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT)

A test to measure the time it takes for a person to fall asleep in a quiet environment.

Night Shift Work

A work schedule that typically disrupts the circadian rhythm and can lead to sleep disorders.

Delayed Sleep Phase Disorder

A circadian rhythm sleep disorder that causes a delay in the major sleep-wake episode.

Advanced Sleep Phase Disorder

A circadian rhythm disorder characterized by an early sleep-wake pattern.

Comorbid Sleep Disorders

The presence of more than one sleep disorder, such as OSA and insomnia.

Sleep Logs

A record kept by patients detailing their sleep patterns and any associated symptoms.

Secondary Insomnia

Insomnia resulting from another medical condition or substance use.

Chronic Illness

Long-lasting health conditions that can impact sleep quality and quantity.

Patient Education on Sleep Hygiene

Guidance provided to patients for improving sleep practices to enhance sleep quality.

Sleep Disturbances in Older Adults

Common problems that older adults face related to sleep, such as increased sleep latency and changes in sleep quality.

Stimulant Medication

Drugs used to promote wakefulness, especially in patients with disorders causing hypersomnia.

Behavioral Therapies for Insomnia

Methods focusing on modifying behaviors and thoughts that contribute to sleep disturbances.

Sleep Deprivation

A condition resulting from inadequate sleep, which can lead to various health issues.

Sleep Architecture

The structure and pattern of sleep cycles throughout the night.

Hypersomnolence Disorders

Disorders characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness not caused by disturbed nighttime sleep.

Sleep Quality Assessment

Method of evaluating the adequacy and efficiency of sleep.

Dopamine Agonists

Medications often used to treat RLS and other movement disorders.

Sarcopenia

Loss of muscle mass associated with aging, contributing to frailty.

Cachexia

A syndrome characterized by severe weight loss, muscle wasting, and nutritional deficiencies.

Adaptive Behavior Strategies for Sleep Disorders

Techniques taught to patients to adapt their behaviors for improved sleep.

Chronic Lung Diseases

Conditions such as COPD that can disrupt sleep quality.

Non-Pharmacologic Treatments for Sleep Disorders

Strategies not involving medications, including CBT-I and lifestyle changes.

Quality of Life and Sleep Disorders

The direct relationship between sleep quality and overall health outcomes.

Neurodegenerative Diseases and Sleep

Diseases that impact cognitive function and can lead to sleep disturbances.

Limitations of PSG

Polysomnography's inability to provide diagnostic information in certain insomnia cases.

Sleep-Related Gait Disorders

Conditions affecting the movements during sleep, impacting overall sleep quality.

Health Systems Approaches

Integrated strategies involving multiple health disciplines to manage sleep disorders.

Etiology of Insomnia

The underlying causes contributing to the development of insomnia.

Awareness of Comorbidities in Patients with Insomnia

Importance of recognizing additional health conditions in patients with sleep disorders.

High-Risk Populations for Sleep Disorders

Groups more likely to experience sleep issues due to factors such as age or chronic conditions.

Depression and Sleep Disorders

The significant impact of mental health on sleep quality and vice versa.

Napping and Sleep Architecture

The role of daytime naps in affecting nighttime sleep quality.

Sleep Discipline

The importance of maintaining a regular sleep schedule to improve sleep outcomes.

Evidence-Based Sleep Interventions

Therapeutic approaches based on scientific research to treat sleep disorders.

Social Isolation and Sleep Disruption

The correlation between lack of social interaction and difficulties in sleeping.

Visual and Auditory Sleep Aids

Tools or devices used to promote better sleep environments.

Home Sleep Testing Options

Alternative methods for assessing sleep disorders outside of clinical settings.

Community Education on Sleep Health

Programs aiming to improve public knowledge about sleep hygiene and disorders.

Cultural Sensitivity in Sleep Medicine

The consideration of cultural factors in the understanding and treatment of sleep disorders.

Federal and State Regulations on Sleep Medicine

Legal frameworks guiding the practice of sleep medicine and patient management.

Challenges in Sleep Disorder Diagnosis

Difficulties faced in accurately determining the specific nature of sleep problems.

Collaboration in Sleep Medicine

The importance of teamwork among healthcare providers to manage sleep disorders effectively.

Impact of Medications on Sleep Quality

How various drugs may interfere with sleep processes and health.

Developmental Aspects of Sleep Disorders

Understanding the changes in sleep patterns throughout different life stages.

Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Health Promotion

Using knowledge of sleep cycles to enhance overall health and wellness.

Nightmares and Sleep Disorder Linkages

The connection between frequent nightmares and other sleep-related problems.

Family Involvement in Sleep Disorder Management

The role of family members in supporting patients with sleep issues.

Gender Differences in Sleep Disorders

How male and female experiences with sleep disorders may differ.

Long-term Effects of Sleep Disorders

The potential chronic consequences of untreated sleep problems.

Emergency Interventions for Sleep Disorders

Immediate actions to take during acute episodes related to sleep disturbances.

Multi-disciplinary Nature of Sleep Disorders

The involvement of various healthcare professionals in treating sleep-related issues.

Communication Strategies in Sleep Medicine

Effective methods for conveying information to patients regarding sleep disorders.

Research Opportunities in Sleep Disorders

Areas of study seeking to improve understanding and treatment of sleep issues.

Future Directions in Sleep Medicine

Emerging trends and innovations in the field of sleep health.