Recording-feb 18 2025 bio 181

Microtubules

Structures that provide cells with shape, structural integrity, and connections between adjacent cells.

Flagella

Whip-like structures that enable movement of cells.

Cilia

Hair-like structures that move substances across the surfaces of cells.

Facilitated diffusion

The process of moving substances across a membrane with the help of a protein channel, typically moving down the concentration gradient.

Plasma membrane

A phospholipid bilayer that surrounds and protects the cell, regulating the movement of substances in and out.

Simple diffusion

The passive movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration without the use of energy or assistance.

Concentration gradient

The difference in the concentration of a substance across a space, which drives diffusion.

Passive transport

The movement of substances across a cell membrane without the use of energy.

Solute

A substance that is dissolved in a solvent, often ions or small molecules that can diffuse across membranes.