Unit 1.1 and 1.2 Vocab AP Psych

Heredity

The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.

Nature

The inherent qualities or characteristics of an individual, often attributed to genetic factors.

Nurture

The influence of external factors, such as environment and education, on an individual's development.

Evolutionary Perspective

A theoretical approach that seeks to understand the origins of behavior and mental processes in terms of evolutionary adaptation.

Eugenics

A set of beliefs and practices aimed at improving the genetic quality of a population, often associated with controversial policies and ideologies.

Twin Studies

Research studies that compare identical and fraternal twins to understand the effects of heredity and environment on behavior.

Family Studies

Research that examines family members to assess the heritability of traits or behaviors.

Adoption Studies

Research that compares adopted individuals with their biological and adoptive families to assess the influence of genetics and environment.

Central Nervous System

The part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

Brain

The organ located in the head that coordinates sensory information and controls behavior and cognitive functions.

Spinal Cord

The long, thin bundle of nervous tissue that runs down the spine and transmits signals between the brain and the body.

Peripheral Nervous System

The part of the nervous system that connects the central nervous system to the rest of the body.

Autonomic Nervous System

A component of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary bodily functions, such as heartbeat and digestion.

Somatic Nervous System

The part of the peripheral nervous system associated with the voluntary control of body movements.

Sympathetic Nervous System

A part of the autonomic nervous system that prepares the body for stressful or emergency situations.

Parasympathetic Nervous System

A part of the autonomic nervous system that conserves energy and restores the body to a state of calm.