Unit 2 : Chemical Equilibrium

What is Dynamic Equilibrium?

A state in a reversible process where the forward and reverse reactions occur at the same rate, resulting in no net change in the system's composition over time

What are the two factors that drive any rxn?

Energy and entropy, that must work in direct opposition from one another

The only way solutions are able to be in equilibrium is if…

They are saturated (maxed out in the amount of solute being able to be dissolved)

Le Chatelier’s Principle

When a stress is introduced to an equilibrium system, the rxn will shift to reduce the stress and attain new equilibrium.

If the temperature is decreased what will happen to Equilibrium?

System will shift to create more heat and to exothermic side.

If the temperature is increased what will happen to Equilibrium?

The system will shift away the heat source

Decrease in temperature of : 2NO(g) + Cl2 (g) ←→ 2NOCl(g) + 76 kJ

System will shift right to product side to compensate the loss

Increase in temperature of : 2NO(g) + Cl2 (g) ←→ 2NOCl(g) + 76 kJ

System will shift left to the reactant side

What factors dictate whether a reverse rxn is possible?

1. Stability of the products

2. Energy available for a reverse rxn

3. Changes in the condition of the system