Lecture Notes: Arousal Theory, Sleep, Stress, and Memory

29 fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering arousal theory, sleep stages, dream recall, stress, GAS, inflammation, life-change research, hardiness, social support, coping styles, sexual response, and Perry's findings.

The basic idea of arousal theory is that motivation is a continuum of behavioral __.

activation

The Yerkes-Dodson law describes that performance improves with arousal to an __.

optimum

Bremer’s brainstem cuts suggested arousal is controlled in the __.

pons

Beta waves on an EEG indicate __ behavior.

alert, attentive, and aroused

Lindsley cut the RAS, leading to a loss of __.

wakefulness

Lacey’s three types of arousal are Behavioral, Autonomic, and __.

Cortical

One major problem with arousal theory is __ correlations between different arousal measures.

weak

Sleep is adaptive because it prevents responses at __ times.

dangerous

Two processes control sleep: a homeostatic process and a __ process.

circadian

In the elderly, sleep becomes more __.

fragmented and variable

The proposed function of NREM sleep is __.

restorative (allows the body to rebuild resources)

REM dreams are and .

bizarre and emotional

The average person spends about __ minutes dreaming each night.

100

Dream recall is affected by awakening right after the dream and __.

salience

Pappenheimer’s CSF experiments showed CSF from sleep-deprived animals induced __.

drowsiness

Caffeine blocks __ receptors.

adenosine

REM sleep links present experiences to __ memories.

emotional

Selye said that “Complete freedom from stress is __.”

death

The three stages of GAS are __, __, and __.

Alarm, Resistance, Exhaustion

The function of inflammation is to act as a barrier limiting stressors' __ spread.

spread

The core idea of life-change research is that life events influence susceptibility to __.

illness

Holmes & Masuda found that higher stress scores correlate with __ changes in health.

health changes

The three traits of hardiness are __, __, and __.

Commitment, Control, and Challenge

Social support theory proposes that social relationships buffer the effects of __.

stress

Humor __ stress.

reduces

Emotional weeping __ stress.

does not

Most time is spent in the sexual response cycle in the Excitement and __ phases.

Resolution

The refractory period differs by gender and age: have a refractory period; do not.

Men; women

In Perry's findings, males show fight-or-flight; females __.

dissociate