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Sternocleidomastoid Origin
manubrium, medial third of clavicle
Sternocleidomastoid Insertion
mastoid process of skull
Sternocleidomastoid Action(s)
tilts head, rotates head, extends head
Deltoid Origin (Anterior Head)
lateral third of clavicle
Deltoid Origin (Lateral Head)
acromion process of scapula
Deltoid Origin (Posterior Head)
spine of scapula
Deltoid Insertion
halfway down the lateral humerus
Deltoid Function(s)
arm flexion, extension, ABduction
Pectoralis Major Origin
anterior medial half of clavicle, anterior surface of manubrium/sternum, cartilage of ribs 1-6
Pectoralis Major Insertion
lateral border of humerus
Pectoralis Major Action
ADduction and internal rotation of arm
Rectus Abdominus Origin
pubic symphisis
Rectus Abdominus Insertion
costal cartilages 5-7, xiphoid process of sternum
Rectus Abdominus Action
forward flexion of spine
External Oblique Origin
lower 8 ribs
External Oblique Insertion
anterior 2/3 of iliac crest, xiphoid process, anterior rectus sheath, pubis
External Oblique Action
lateral bend of spine, twists spine, forward flexion (when both sides flex)
Serratus Anterior Origin
ribs 1-8/9 in an arc around the shoulder
Serratus Anterior Insertion
anterior scapula
Serratus Anterior Action
scapula rotation (reach up), protraction of scapula (forward and around)
Trapezius Origin (upper)
base of skull along nuchal ligament and C7
Trapezius Origin (middle)
spinous processes T1-5
Trapezius Origin (Lower)
Spinous Processes T6-12
Trapezius Insertion
spine of scapula, acromion process, clavicles
Trapezius Action
lifts, retracts, lowers scapula, ABducts head sideways, extends neck to bring backwards
Infraspinatus Origin
posterior surface of scapula below spine
Infraspinatus Insertion
greater tuberosity of the humerus, posterior side
Infraspinatus Action
lateral rotation of arm
Teres Major Origin
1/3rd of bottom of posterior scapula
Teres Major Insertion
lower portion of anterior facing humerus
Teres Major Action
ADducts, extends, and internally rotates arm
Latissimus Dorsi Origin
sacrum, posterior third of iliac crest, all lumbar vertebrae, lower 6 thoracic vertebrae, lower 3 ribs
Latissimus Dorsi Insertion
bicipital groove of anterior side humerus
Latissimus Dorsi Action
adduction and extension of arm, medial rotation of trunk