Spelling, Punctuation and Grammar

Mnemonics

Tools that help memory retrieval, such as patterns, rhymes, or sayings, used in spelling to recall word structure.

Hear with your Ear

Technique of sounding out words to break down their structure and aid in spelling.

Homophones

Words that sound the same but have different spellings and meanings, like witch/which and through/threw.

Punctuation

Rules for punctuating sentences, including capitalization, full stops, exclamation marks, question marks, commas, apostrophes, and round brackets.

Question mark are known as

Interrogative sentences

What does apostrophes signify?

Apostrophes signify possession or omission in a sentence

What are round brackets used for ?

They are used to add information to a sentence

Sophisticated punctuation

Additional punctuation marks like ellipsis, colon, semi-colon, and separating lists.

Grammar

Overview of nouns, pronouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs, prepositions, connectives, and sentences.

Simple sentences

Sentences with one main clause.

Compound sentences

Sentences with multiple main clauses joined by a conjunction.

Complex sentences

Sentences with an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.

Subjects and objects

The subject performs the action or is being described, while objects receive the action of the verb.

Clauses

Main clauses contain a verb and a main idea, while subordinate clauses provide extra information in complex sentences.

Common rule to remember past tense

add -ed to a verb

Common rule to remember continous tense

add -ing to a verb

Define verb

Verbs describe the action or state of the subject

Define Adverb

Adverbs describe the extra details of verbs and adjectives

Define Prepositions

Prepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or pronouns

Define Connectives

Connectives are words that help to join sentences, clauses and phrases together

What does object answer?

It answers the question “what” or “whom” after the verb

Define Semicolon

A semi-colon is used to organize the group information so that it is understandable by the reader

Subordinate Clause

Subordinate clauses are not complete ideas and therefore can not function as independent sentences. 

Define Commas

Commas are used to separate words in a clause or list in a sentence

Exclamation mark is often used to

add emphasis, outrageous or to show excitement