english language- grammar!

grammar

structure of a language, consists of mostly syntax/morphology.
SYNTAX= word order
MORPHOLOGY= different inflections you add to change grammatical accuracy of a sentence.

morpheme

a meaningful unit of language that cannot be broken down further (e.g: in, come, -ing = incoming).

free morpheme

a morpheme that can stand alone (as a word).

bound morpheme

a morpheme that cannot stand alone, acts as a suffix or prefix to a free morpheme (word).

derivational bound

morphemes that significantly change the meaning of a free morpheme.

inflectional bound

creates a plural or creates a tense to a free morpheme.

prefix

a syllable or word that comes before a root word to change its meaning. (e.g un-).

suffix

word ending. (e.g -ing).

pre-modifying adjective

an adjective that is in front of the noun.

post-modifying adjective

extra information added after the noun.

prepositional phrase

links the word prior to it with another noun, helpful to establish relationships; represented as spacial, logical, or temporal relationships.

prepositional phrase- spacial

spacial relationships tells us where something is located relative to another noun.

prepositional phrase- logical

logical relationships represent a connection between two objects that aren't in space or time.

prepositional phrase- temporal

temporal relationships establish time between nouns.

modal verbs

modal verbs express modality in reference to possibility, ability, permission, obligation, and condition. when combined with main verbs, they show the degree of something.

phrase

a group of words that function as a grammatical unit.

clause

group of words that contains a subject and a verb.