Unit 1-3C

adage

adage

(n.) a proverb, wise saying

bonanza

(n.) a rich mass of ore in a mine; something very valuable, profitable, or rewarding; a source of wealth or prosperity; a very large amount; sudden profit or gain

churlish

(adj.) lacking politeness or good manners; lacking sensitivity; difficult to work with or deal with; rude

citadel

(n.) a fortress that overlooks and protects a city; any strong or commanding place

collaborate

(v.) to work with, work together

decree

(n.) an order having the force of law; (v.) to issue such an order; to command firmly or forcefully

discordant

(adj.) disagreeable in sound, jarring; lacking in harmony, conflicting

evolve

(v.) to develop gradually; to rise to a higher level

excerpt

(n.) a passage taken from a book, article, etc.; (v.) to take such a passage; to quote

grope

(v.) to feel about hesitantly with the hands; to search blindly and uncertainly

hover

(v.) to float or hang suspended over; to move back and forth uncertainly over or around

jostle

(v.) to make or force one's way by pushing or elbowing; to bump, shove, brush against; to compete for

laggard

(n.) a person who moves slowly or falls behind; (adj.) falling behind, slow to move, act, or respond

plaudits

(n. pl.) applause; enthusiastic praise or approval

preclude

(v.) to make impossible, prevent, shut out

revert

(v.) to return, go back

rubble

(n.) broken stone or bricks; ruins

servile

(adj.) of or relating to a slave; behaving like or suitable for a slave or a servant, menial; lacking spirit or independence, abjectly submissive

vigil

(n.) a watch, especially at night; any period of watchful attention

wrangle

(v.) to quarrel or argue in a noisy, angry way; to obtain by argument; to herd; (n.) a noisy quarrel

antics

(n. pl.) ridiculous and unpredictable behavior or actions

avowed

(adj., part.) declared openly and without shame, acknowledged

banter

(v.) to exchange playful remarks, tease; (n.) talk that is playful and teasing

bountiful

(adj.) giving freely, generous; plentiful, given abundantly

congested

(adj., part.) overcrowded, filled or occupied to excess

detriment

(n.) harm or loss; injury, damage; a disadvantage; a cause of harm, injury, loss, or damage

durable

(adj.) sturdy, not easily worn out or destroyed; lasting for a long time; (n. pl.) consumer goods used repeatedly over a series of years

enterprising

(adj.) energetic, willing and able to start something new; showing boldness and imagination

frugal

(adj.) economical, avoiding waste and luxury; scanty, poor, meager

gingerly

(adj., adv.) with extreme care or caution

glut

(v.) to provide more than is needed or wanted; to feed or fill to the point of overstuffing; (n.) an oversupply

incognito

(adj., adv.) in a disguised state, under an assumed name or identity; (n.) the state of being disguised; a person in disguise

invalidate

(v.) to make valueless, take away all force or effect

legendary

(adj.) described in well-known stories (legends) rather than in real life

maim

(v.) to cripple, disable, injure, mar, disfigure, mutilate

minimize

(v.) to make as small as possible, make the least of; to make smaller than before

oblique

(adj.) slanting or sloping; not straightforward or direct

veer

(v.) to change direction or course suddenly, turn aside, shift, swerve

venerate

(v.) to regard with reverence, look up to with great respect

wanton

(adj.) reckless; heartless, unjustifiable; loose in morals; (n.) a spoiled, pampered person; one with low morals

allot

(v.) to assign or distribute in shares or portions

amass

(v.) to bring together, collect, gather, especially for oneself; to come together, assemble

audacious

(adj.) bold, adventurous, recklessly daring

comply

(v.) to yield to a request or command

devoid

(adj.) not having or using, lacking

elite

(n.) the choice part of a group of people or things; (adj.) superior

grapple

(n.) an iron hook used to grab and hold; (v.) to come to grips with, wrestle or fight with

incapacitate

(v.) to deprive of strength or ability; to make legally ineligible

instigate

(v.) to urge on; to stir up, provoke, start, incite

longevity

(n.) long life, long duration, length of life

myriad

(adj.) in very great numbers; (n.) a very great number

perspective

(n.) a point of view or general standpoint from which different things are viewed, physically or mentally; the appearance to the eye of various objects at a given time, place, or distance

perturb

(v.) to trouble, make uneasy; to disturb greatly; to throw into confusion

prodigious

(adj.) immense; extraordinary in bulk, size, or degree

relevant

(adj.) connected with or related to the matter at hand

skittish

(adj.) extremely nervous and easily frightened; shy or timid; extremely cautious; unstable, undependable

tether

(n.) a rope or chain used to fasten something to a fixed object; the outer limit of strength or resources; (v.) to fasten with a rope or chain

unison

(v.) a sounding together; agreement or accord

vie

(v.) to compete; to strive for victory or superiority

willful

(adj.) stubbornly self-willed; done on purpose, deliberate