AP psych 5.5 treatment of psychological disorders

deinstitutionalization

reducing the number of patients in psychiatric hospitals by transitioning them to community based mental health services

psychotropic medication therapy

using medicine to treat mental health by affecting brain chemistry, aiming to improve symptoms and functioning

evidence-based interventions

therapeutic approaches that’s supported by scientific research and empirical evidence

therapeutic alliance

trusting relationship between a therapist and client

cultural humility

process of self-reflection and learning about clients’ cultural backgrounds

nonmaleficence

therapists avoid actions that could cause physical, emotional, or physical harm

fidelity

maintaining trust, honesty, and commitment in therapeutic relationship

integrity

being honest, transparent, and consistent

respect for people’s rights and dignity

honoring worth of all individuals

psychotherapy

emotionally charged confiding between trained therapist and mental patient

biomedical therapy

drugs or other procedures that act on the patient’s nervous system to cure psychological disorders

eclectic approach

various forms of healing techniques

psychological therapies

psychodynamic, humanistic, behavioral, cognitive

psychoanalysis therapy

feelings/conflicts in childhood into conscious

free association

speaks without censorship

dream interpretation

content of dreams to uncover unconscious thoughts and feelings

humanistic therapy

boost self-fulfillment

person/client-centered therapy

therapist listens to the needs addressing his problems in a productive way

active listening

echoes, restates, and clarifies patient’s thinking

unconditional positive regard

complete acceptance

behavioral therapy

change bad behavior to appropriate behavior

applied behavior analysis

principles of learning and conditioning to improve specific behaviors, reinforcement

systematic desenitization

associate a pleasant, relaxed state with the anxiety-producing stimuli

exposure therapy/flooding

expose/present stimuli until no longer have anxiety towards it

aversive therapy/conditioning

associate unpleasant state with unwanted behavior

token economy

patient exchanges a token of some sort, earned from exhibiting the desired behavior for treats

biofeedback

electronic monitoring that provides information about physiological processes to improve health and performance

cognitive therapy

new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are all influenced by each other

maladaptive thinking

negative and irrational thought patterns

cognitive restructuring

negative thought patterns and replacing them with positive ones

cognitive triad

negative patterns about oneself, the world, and the future

cognitive-behavioral (CBT)

alter the way people act and they think

rational-emotive therapy (EBT)

helps change irrational beliefs that lead to emotional and behavioral challenges, direct

dialectical behavior (DBT)

teaching skills for emotional regulation, distress tolerance, interpersonal effectiveness, and mindfulness

group therapy

6-9 people and 90 min session

individual therapy

one on one

hypnosis

shown effectiveness in treating pain and anxiety; research doesn’t support its use for retrieving accurate memories or age regression

psychoactive medications

drugs that affect brain chem and treat mental health disorders

antipsychotic

schizophrenia; block dopamine receptors: chlorpromazine and clozapine

tardive dyskinesia

tics and other involuntary movements

antimanic

bipolar, lithium, reduces manic activity

antidepressant

depression, ssri (only serotonin; prozac, Lexapro), snri (serotonin and norepinephrine; Effexor, Cymbalta)

antianxiety

anxiety, xanax, reduce responses to stimuli

ECT

invasive, electrical current through brain

psychosurgery

lobotomy, severs nerves between frontal lobe and center of inner brain structures

TMS

non-invasive, uses magnetic fields to stimulate nerve cells in the brain