TROPANE: Other name, source and scientific name, Constituent and Uses

Belladonna

Dried and flowering or fruiting top of Atropa belladonna

Hyoscyamus

Stem and flowering or fruiting top of Hyoscyamus niger

Hyoscyamus muticus

Egyptian Henbane scientific name

Stramonium

Dried leaf and flowering tops with branches Datura stramonium, Datura metal (Philippines)

Withania

Dried root of Withania somnifera

Duboisia

Dried leaves of Duboisia myoporoides

Mandragora

Root of Mandragora officinarum

Coca

Dried leaves of Erythroxylum coca, Erythroxylum truxillense

Atropa belladonna

Belladonna is from dried and flowering or fruiting top of ___

Hyoscyamus niger

Hyoscyamus if from the stem and flowering or fruiting top of ___

• Datura stramonium

• Datura metal (Philippines)

Stramonium is from the Dried leaf and flowering tops with branches ___, ___

Withania somnifera

Withania is from the dried root of ___

Duboisia myoporoides

Duboisia is from the dried leaves of ___

Mandragora officinarum

Mandragora is from the Root of ___

• Erythroxylum coca

• Erythroxylum truxillense

Coca is from the dried leaves of ___, ___

• Deadly nightshade

• Belladonna Herb

Other name for Belladonna

Henbane

Other name of Hyoscyamus

• Jimson

• Jamestown weed

Other name for Stramonium

European mandrake

Other name for Mandragora

Divine Plant of the Incas

Other name for Coca

• Hyoscyamine

• Atropine

• Scopolamine

Constituents of Belladonna

• Scopolamine

• Hyoscyamine

Constituents of Hyoscyamus

• 1.5% alkaloids

Constituent of Egyptian Henbane

• Scopolamine (-)

• Hyoscyamine (+)

Constituent of Stramonium

Atropine

Constituent: commercial source you can get from Withania

• Hyoscyamine

• Scopolamine

Constituent of Duboisia

• Hyoscyamine

• Scopolamine

• Mandragorine

Constituent of Mandragora

• Cocaine/crack/coke

Constituent of Coca

Belladonna

Used as:

• Parasympathetic depressant

• Spasmolytic

• Adjunctive therapy in tx of peptic ulcer, functional digestive disorders

• Diarrhea, diverticulitis, pancreatitis.

• Anticholinergic (🚫 AcH) = 🚫involuntary muscle movement

Hyoscyamus

Used as Parasympatholytic

Stramonium

Uses:

• Similar to belladonna

• Anticholinergic

• Tx of asthma = “Asthma powder” (powdered form is burned)

Withania

Uses:

• Commercial source of atropine

• Sedative

Duboisia

Used as Chief source of atropine

Emetic

Uses of Mandragorine (constituent of Mandragora)

Coca

Uses:

• Psychomotor stimulant

• Strong abuse potential

• ↑ dopamine time in synapse = feel good ○ Local anesthetic (HCl form)

• Ingredient in Brompton’s cocktail (for cancer pain); cocaine (CNS Stimulant) + morphine (CNS depressant) or methadone = combo analgesic effect without harmful SE

Beautiful Lady

Belladonna in Greek means?

• (-) Hyoscyamine

• Atropine

• Scopolamine

Enumerate the Solanaceous Alkaloids

(-) Hyoscyamine

Solanaceous Alkaloids:

• Tropine ester of (-) tropic acid

• Anticholinergic

• Aid in gastric secretion, Visceral spasm, Hypermotility, and Abdominal Cramps

Atropine

Solanaceous Alkaloids:

• Colorless, needle-like crystals or white crystalline powder that is optically inactive.

• CNS stimulant

• Anticholinergic

• Antisialagogue; inhibit excessive saliva production

• Antidote for poisoning caused by cholinesterase inhibition

Atropine

A Solanaceous alkaloid: Antidote for poisoning caused by cholinesterase inhibition

Atropine

A solanaceous alkaloid: Used as Antisialagogue

Antisialagogue

Term for inhibiting excessive saliva production

• Hot as a Hare

• Red as a Beet

• Dry as a Bone

• Full as a flask

• Blind as a Bat

• Mad as a Hatter

Atropine Toxicity enumerate

Hot as a Hare

What atropine toxicity: ↑ body temp. by ↓ sweating = hyperthermia/fever

Red as a Beet

What atropine toxicity: causes skin flushing

Dry as a Bone

What atropine toxicity: causes dry skin, mouth, mucous membranes

Full as a Flask

What atropine toxicity: Urinary retention; potentially damage bladder/kidneys

Blind as a Bat

What atropine toxicity: long term mydriasis could cause blindness

Mad as a Hatter

What atropine toxicity: causes delirium, agitation, hallucination

• Tropic acid

• Scopoline

Solanaceous Alkaloids: Scopolamine (Hyoscine) upon hydrolysis yields what

Scopolamine (Hyoscine)

• Upon hydrolysis yields tropic acid and scopoline

• CNS depressant

• Tx of motion sickness

• Preanesthetic sedation

• Calms delirium

0.04%

Hyoscyamus contains NLT ___ alkaloids

• Talampunay

• Thornapple

Datura metal common name in the Philippines

Stramonium

What Tropane plant is used as “Asthma powder”

• Belladonna

• Hyoscyamus

Withania is closely related to

• Nicotine

• Nornicotine

Duboisia contains ___ and ___

Mandragora

Tropane alkaloid subjected to superstition

Huanuco coca

Common name for Erythroxylum coca

0.5%-1%

Huanuco coca contains __ Ester alkaloids

• Ester alkaloid

• 75%

Erythroxylum truxillense has lower ___ and has how many percent of cocaine

• Tired/Hungry

Coca makes you not feel ___ easily

• Cocaine (CNS stimulant)

• Morphine (CNS depressant) or Methadone

Ingredients of Brompton’s cocktail

Combo analgesic effect without harmful SE

Brompton’s cocktail:

• Cocaine (CNS stimulant)

• Morphine (CNS depressant) or Methadone

=?

HCl form

Coca is used as a Local anesthetic in what form?