BIOL 242 Final review (Jeopardy and Quiz material)

G banding with Giesma dye stains ___ region of a chromosome?

AT rich

The chromosome in which the centromere is at an extreme end is categorized as a ___.

Telocentric chromosome

With regards to the sleep refulation, which two genes acts as transcriptional regulators of per genes?

BMAL and CLOCK

During plasmid DNA extraction procedure, this chemical was used to lyse the cells.

NaOH

f the DNA concentration from the nanodrop measurement is 330ng/uL. How many uls will be needed to make 1ug(microgram) of DNA?

3.03uLs

A gene with the location code 6p21.34 is on the ___ arm of chromosome ___.

p, 6

This component of T-DNA allows for the identification of organisms or cells which exhibits successful insertion.

Selective marker

The enzyme used in polymerase chain reaction is called ____ and it is used because of ___ property.

DNA polymerase; the ability to synthesize new DNA strands using a DNA template

What is the gene that codes for bitter tasting in?

G-pcr

The direction of adding nucleotides in PCR reaction is ____

5’ —> 3

What do the mRNA sequences UAA, UAG, and UGA code for?

Stop codons

True or False:
An organism with one extra set of chromosome is considered to have Trisomy

False

Aneuploidy

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of VNTR’s? (Variable number of tandem repeats)

1. Useful in genetics, biology research, forensics, and DNA fingerprinting

2. Repeats vary in sizes from as low as 6 bp to as much as 100 bp

3. They cut DNA at specific sites

4. These loci contain DNA sequences organized as a tandem repeats

3. They cut DNA at specific sites

If you transformed bacteria with a plasmid carrying the kanamycin (Kan) resistance gene and a gene for GFP under the control of an arabinose-dependent promoter, what media can you use to observe the bacterial glow?

Media should contain arabinose to allow the observation of the bacterial glow

If heat shock is needed to open the cells so the plasmids can eneter, the reason why we place the cells on ice for a few minutes after heat shock is….?

Heat shock will open the cell(s membrane) allowing the plasmid to enter, so ice shock will close the cell(s membrane), trapping the plasmids in the cell. This will allow for the cell to take in the plasmid and replicate it into the DNA.

This type of promoter is always on in every single cell.

Constitutive promoter

In the following figure, A and B represent what parts of a gene?

A is exon

B is intron

> or (carat) symbol in front of a DNA sequence suggests that the sequence is in _____ format

FASTA

A mixture of DNA and proteins with a condensed structure that allows the genetic code for an entire organism to fit in the nucleus of a cell

Chromatin

In a gene, mutation at this location would lead to the most significant effect on the phenotype?

Coding region or exons

In fast plants, an insertion into the ____ gene results in a lack of ___ production.

DFR; anthocyanin

(DFR = gene that controls pigmentation of plant)
(anthocyanin = violet pigmentation in plant)

When only a single copy of a gene is present on a chromosome and is sufficient to produce a trait encoded by that gene then the gene is considered…?

Dominant

BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes normally act as ___, by helping in regulation of cell division.

Tumor suppressors

In gel electrophoresis, this compound was added as a DNA stain to allow for visualization under UV light.

Bromide

To idenitf genetically modifies ingredients from foods, we used ___ region of the T-DNA to amplify using a PCR.

35S promoter

The mathematical representation of hardy-Weinberg equation that predicts the genotypic frequencies for a population that is not evolving is ____?

p² + 2pq + q² =1

Four persons perform a PTC taste analysis by amplifying the TAST38R gene harboring the Fnu4HI enzyme site. You observe the sample on the gel below after digestion of the enzymes for sample 4: The phenotype of this person would be a…?

Taster

In molecular biology, a ____ is a portion of DNA (often plasmid or virus) that is used as a vehicle to carry a particular DNA segment into a host cell as part of a cloning or recombinant DNA technique.

Vector

Plasmid pLUX is digested with restriction enzymes EcoRI and Xba I and the digest is run on an agarose gel. The size of the bands you see on the gel would be…?

1,441 and 11,567

True or False:
BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes normally act as tumor suppressors, by helping in  regulation of cell division

True

 _________________ is one of two or more versions of DNA sequence (a single base or a segment of bases) at a given genomic location

allele

True or False:
Gene mapping refers to the process of determining the location of genes on chromosomes.

True

You are finding information about a gene in NCBI. You will find the following information under genomic context. Based on the diagram below which chromosome the gene is located on. 

7

Which of the following databases is publically available to find variations in a gene that has clinical significance. 

ClinVar

BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes normally act as _____________, by helping in  regulation of cell division

tumor supressor genes

When comparing two DNA sequences which database will you use to perform sequence similarity. 

BLASTN

What will be the sequence of the mRNA codon based on the table?

AUG

looking at the E-value data in the table below,  which one of the bacteria ( Bacterium#1 or Bacterium#2) carries the gene for the protein against which the search was performed

Bacterium #2

As you learned in the fast plant genotyping lab, the wild type should give a band for 280 bp and if there is a mutation, it should give a band of 150bp. Based on the figure below what is the genotype of the seedling in lane # 4 with the arrow that has two bands?

Heterozygous for wild type and DFR

True or False:
The insertion in the DFR gene leads to green colored  seedling.

True

While screening plants for segregation of a phenotype/trait this generation of seeds/plants is used.

T2

True or False:

While interpreting results from Chi-square analysis, if the calculated chi-square value is < (less than) critical chi-square value then you should reject the hypothesis.

False

the purpose of adding bromophenol blue to the DNA loading dye is to …?

allow monitoring the DNA migration on the gel during electrophoresis.

Which one of the following provide a 3' -OH group so DNA polymerase can start synthesizing new strans of DNA during a PCR reaction.

a primer

True or False:

After Agrobacterium infection, the whole Ti plasmid gets integrated into the plant genome.

False

True or False:

The temperature at which primers anneal to the DNA template is called the Tm of the primer

True

This reagent used genomic DNA isolation is responsible for separation of the organic phase and aqueous phase 

Chloroform

Which of the following chemicals is used as a strong detergent in DNA extraction from food samples in lab 4

CTAB

To identify genetically modified ingredients from foods we used __________  region tof the transgene to amplify using a PCR.

35-S promoter

True or False:

The restriction enzyme EcoRI cuts the DNA at specific sites which have palindromic DNA sequences

True

True or False:

While performing agarose gel electrophoresis, the migration speed is inversely proportional to molecular weight of DNA

True

The function of isopropanol in the miniprep DNA isolation we performed in the lab is to ___

precipitate DNA