APHG week 25??
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Last updated 3:14 PM on 2/3/26
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37 Terms
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Cottage Industry
Manufacturing based in homes rather than factories.
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Industrialization
The shift from farming to factory manufacturing.
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Industrial Revolution
The 18th-century jump to machine-made goods and steam power.
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Least Cost Theory
Moving a factory to where transportation and labor costs are lowest.
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Site Factors
Costs inside the factory
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Situation Factors
Costs outside the factory
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Primary Economic Activities
Jobs that extract from Earth (farming, mining).
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Secondary Economic Activities
Jobs that make things (manufacturing, construction).
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Tertiary Economic Activities
Jobs that provide services (retail, doctors).
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Quaternary Economic Activities
Jobs dealing with information and research.
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Quinary Economic Activities
Jobs for high-level decision makers (CEOs, government).
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Literacy Rate
The percentage of people who can read and write.
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Bulk Gaining Products
Items that get heavier when made; located near the market.
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Bulk Reducing Products
Items that get lighter when made; located near resources.
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Footloose Industries
Businesses that can be located anywhere (e.g., tech support).
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Fordist Production
Mass production where one worker does one specific task.
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Post-Fordist Production
Flexible production where teams do many tasks.
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Labor Intensive Industries
Industries where wages are the biggest expense.
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Break of Bulk Point
A place where goods change transport modes (e.g., ship to train).
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Wallerstein's World System Theory
Idea that the world is divided into Core, Semi-Periphery, and Periphery.
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Economic Development
The improvement of a country's wealth and technology.
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Core location
Rich, developed countries that control the global economy.
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Semi-periphery location
Countries in the middle of development (e.g., BRICS).
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Periphery location
Poor, developing countries that provide raw materials.
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Formal Labor
Jobs that are taxed and regulated by the government.
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Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
Value of goods produced inside a country's borders.
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Gross National Product (GNP)
Value of goods produced by a country's citizens globally.
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Informal Labor
Jobs "under the table" that aren't taxed or monitored.
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Gross National Income (GNI)
Total money earned by a nation's people and businesses.
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Gender Inequality Index (GII)
A score showing the gap between men and women.
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Human Development Index (HDI)
A score of a country's health, wealth, and education.
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Labor Market Participation Rate
Percentage of the population working or looking for work.
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Social Development
Improvements in human well-being and rights.
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Microcredit
Small loans given to poor people to start businesses.
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Microlending
The act of giving those small loans.
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Microfinance
The whole system of banking services for low-income people.
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Note 
Flashcards (189)