US History Midterm

Nathanial Bacon

1676- Bacon was the leader and took over when Berkley wouldn't attack the Indians; Bacon was willing to lead not only against Indians but the governor too; Bacons Rebellion

The mayflower compact and the Virginia House of Burgesses are examples of

steps toward representatives government

Which heading best completes the partial outline below?


1. Mayflower Compact
2. House of Burgesses
3. New England town meetings

Development of Self-Government in the American Colonies

These early colonial settlements were similar in that each was located

near the coastline

Slavery in the American colonies was

concentrated in areas suitable for large Plantations

What was the primary reason that slavery became more widespread in the South than in the North

Geographic factors contributed to the growth of the southern plantation system

Which of the following turned Jamestown into a profitable enterprise?

Tobacco

The first English colonies in North America were set up in hopes of achieving

Financial gain for investors

John Rolf

Tobacco Planter

William Penn treated

Native Americans fairly and offered religious toleration in Pennsylvania

House of Burgesses

Elected assembly in colonial Virginia, created in 1618.

Mayflower Compact

1620 - The first agreement for self-government in America. It was signed by the 41 men on the Mayflower and set up a government for the Plymouth colony.

Bacon's Rebellion

1676- A rebellion lead by Nathaniel Bacon with backcountry farmers to attack Native Americans in an attempt to gain more land

Indentured Servant

Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years

The Puritans

1629- A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England. They came to America for religious freedom and settled Massachusetts Bay.

William Penn

1644-1718- A Quaker that founded Pennsylvania to establish a place where his people and others could live in peace and be free from persecution.

The Virginia House of Burgesses was important to the development of democracy in the thirteen colonies because it

Provided an example of a representative form of government

Which political feature of the United States developed during the colonial period?

Representative government

Which heading best completes the partial outline below?


1. Villages with town meetings
2. Small farms and commercial fishing
3. First American college

New England colonies

Because of fertile land and a long growing season, plantations in the thirteen colonies developed in

the South

The Puritan's views and attitudes led them to promote the idea of

hard work for common goals

Which geographic factor most directly influenced the location of the first English settlements in North America?

Rivers along the Atlantic coast

The original settlements in the thirteen British colonies were all located

east of the Appalachian Mountains

Which geographic feature contributed the most to the development of commerce throughout colonial America?

natural harbors

Which region of the United States is correctly paired with an industry that is dominant in that region?

Great Plains-grain crops

What was a main reason large plantations developed in the South during the colonial period?

The coastal plain in the South contained large areas of fertile soil.

In which area did good harbors, abundant forests, rocky soil, and a short growing season most influence the colonial economy?

New England Colonies

Nathaniel Bacon led a rebellion of

frontier colonists against the Virginia government

The growth slavery

Due to a high death rate among Europeans and less indentured servants arriving from England, tobacco planters turned to African Slaves for their labor needs.

Plantations in the South

Tobacco makes Jamestown profitable and drives a need for labor

Growth of self government and representative government

Governor George Yeardley gave notice that the Virginia colony, would establish a legislative assembly. House of Burgesses, July, 30, 1619. The Mayflower compact belief in limited self-government would become the founding principle of the US.

Freedom of religion

The Maryland Toleration act was one the first documents that reflected the trend of religious toleration in the colonies. Protected Catholics who had become the minority.

Pocahontas

Died at 22, buried in England, died from disease

Thomas Jefferson

Author of the Declaration of Independence

Thomas Paine

Author of Common Sense

John Locke

English philosopher who advocated the idea of a "social contract" in which government powers are derived from the consent of the governed and in which the government serves the people; also said people have natural rights to life, liberty and property.

John Adams

America's first Vice-President and second President. Sponsor of the American Revolution in Massachusetts, and wrote the Massachusetts guarantee that freedom of press "ought not to be restrained."

French and Indian War

(1754-1763) War fought in the colonies between the English and the French for possession of the Ohio Valley area. The English won.

Boston Massacre

When British Soldiers killed five colonists during a street confrontation (March 510 1770)

Stamp Act

1765; law that taxed printed goods, including: playing cards, documents, newspapers, etc.

Battle of Saratoga

1100 British against 400 Americans at Bunker Hill. Americans surrounded the British Forces causing the biggest American victory and a huge turning point in the war

Battle of Yorktown

Washington trapped the British by land while the French prevented reinforcements from arriving at sea. The British surrendered after this battle.

Treaty of Paris

(1783) British recognize American Independence and removed their troops from America. Borders sson were extended to the Mississippi River and Spain reclaimed Florida.

Mercantilism

An economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought

Consent of the Governed

People are the source of any and all governmental power

Common Sense

1776: a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that claimed the colonies had a right to be an independent nation

Albany Plan of the Union

plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754 that aimed to unite the 13 colonies for trade, military, and other purposes; the plan was turned down by the colonies and the Crown

Southern colonies

prospered growing staple crops of tobacco and rice harvested by slave labor

Middle colonies

combined farming and commerce to have a successful economy

New England Colonies

profited from trade (the triangular trade

Salutary Neglect

American colonies were ignored by England, this served British economic interest

Proclamation of 1763

\n closed land west of Appalachian Mountains to settlement

During the colonial period, the British Parliament used the policy of mercantilism to

limit manufacturing in America

Before 1763, the British policy of salutary neglect towards its America colonies was based on the desire of Great Britain to

benefit from the economic prosperity of the American colonies

Thomas Paine's publication Common Sense was most influential in persuading American colonists to support

colonial independence

In the pamphlet common sense, Thomas Paine urged the American colonists to

declare their independence from Great Britain

Thomas Paine suggested that the American colonies should

declare independence from England

In writing the Declaration of Independence, Thomas Jefferson was influenced most by John Locke's idea of

natural rights

The principles of government that Thomas Jefferson included in the Declaration of Independence were most influenced by

John Locke's social contract theory

John Locke's theory of Natural rights, as reflected in the Declaration of Independence, states that

power to govern belongs to the people

Which development included John Locke's idea that people have the right to overthrow an oppressive government

Declaration of Independence

According to the declaration of independence, the fundamental purpose of government is to

protect people's natural rights

One of the principles stated in the declaration of independence is that government should

be based upon the consent of the governed

In the declaration of independence, the argument for freedom from British rule is based primarily on the

social contract theory of government developed by John Locke

A major argument for American independence found in the declaration of Independence was that the British

deprived Americans of their natural rights

The colonist's slogan, "No taxation without representation," expresses a belief in

the consent of the governed

The courtroom summation helped establish which democratic principle in colonial America

freedom of the press

Which heading best completes the partial outline below


1. Committees of correspondence
2. Non-importation agreements
3. Boston tea party
4. First continental congress

colonial responses to British mercantile policies

which statement is most accurate about the movement for independence in the thirteen colonies

protests against British colonial policies gradually led to demands for independence

many colonies objected to the Albany Plan of Union (1754) mainly because

colonial assemblies did not want to give up their individual power

Various ways England tired to raise revenue to pay for the French and Indian War, taxes, policies, and acts

Britain surmised that the best way to raise funds for their arrearage would be to exact taxes. Few if any taxes raised substantial sums of money. Taxes were imposed both internally and externally to accumulate funds to pay for the war. The stamp tax was levied for just those reasons.

What events led to the declaration of independence and the olive branch petition?

The Battles of Lexington and Concord and other conflicts.

why did Jefferson leave his slavery passage out of declaration.

People believed that it was better to remove the section dealing with slavery than risk a long debate over the issue of slavery. They needed the support for independence from the southern states.

Whiskey Rebellion

A violent protest, in 1791-1794 about taxation on domestics products by the newly formed government

George Washington's role

\n He spent most of his term defining the role of the executive branch and setting up the government and also asked future generations to stay out of foreign affairs and political parties

Strict Construcionists

\n believed that the government could not do anything unless it was specifically stated in the constitution

Farewell Address

\n Washington warned Americans to avoid political parties and foreign entanglements

Election of 1800

Jefferson won, improving relations with France, and stressed liberty over order

Louisianna Purchase

Doubled the size of the US and increased national debt

New Orleans

\n helped control the trading on the Mississippi river

The Battle of New Orleans

\n increased patriotism in the United States and made a hero out of Andrew Jackson

The decision in Marbury v. Madison (1803) expanded the power of the Supreme Court by

establishing the power of judicial review

Which Supreme Court case best completes the partial outline below

Marbury V. Madison

Judicial Review gives the United States Supreme Court the power to

declare state laws unconstitutional

One similarity in the foreign policies of Presidents George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and James Monroe was that they

sought to avoid involvement in European political struggles

In his Farewell Address, President George Washington advised the nation to avoid permanent alliances because he believed that the United States

would risk its security by involvement in European affairs

A geographic and economic motivation for the Louisiana Purchase (1803) was the desire to

control the port of New Orleans

.Alien and Seditions Acts \n .Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions \n These pieces of legislation reflected the conflict between

states' rights and federal supremacy

Conflicts between Jeffersonians and Hamiltonians during President George Washington's first administration led directly to the

start of the first political parties

The development of political parties and of the committee system used in Congress illustrates the application of

\n the unwritten constitution

Which actions during Washington's administration led to the Whiskey Rebellion in western Pennsylvania

passage of a new excise tax

Who is Louis and Clark

they explored the west side of the Mississippi River

This group opposed the National Bank

Anti-Federalists

Marbury Vs. Madison was a fight between which two presidents

Jefferson and Adams

The Star Spangled Banner, Andrew \n Jackson is a hero, Washington DC is set \n fire to

War of 1812

Western territories north of Missouri’s southern border were closed to slavery and Maine became a free state

Missouri Compromise

Native Americans had to give up 2/3 of Ohio and move further West

Treaty of Greenville

Under the leadership of Chief Justice John Marshall (1801-1835), the United States Supreme Court issued decisions that

established the supremacy of federal laws unconstitutional

Which headline illustrates the use of judicial review

New York State's Reapportionment Plan Ruled Unconstitutional

One major reason that Alexander Hamilton proposed a national bank was to

improve the economic position of the United States Government