ReWri Midterms Exam Reviewer

PARAGRAPH

PARAGRAPH

is a series of sentences or a group of related sentences forming and developing a unit of thought as a specific part of a composition.

DEFINITION PARAGRAPH

Tells the reader what term or concept is being defined, maybe formal or informal.

DEFINING

one of the strategies in writing that is used in explaining unfamiliar terms.

TO EXPLAIN OR TO CONVINCE

Definition is use for two major purposes:

DENOTATION AND CONNOTATION

2 Important Concepts of Definition:

DENOTATION

is the primary, explicit and literal definition of a word. Meaning comes from dictionary.

CONNOTATION

secondary meaning of a word. Meaning comes from how people understand a word based on their own personal and consensual experiences.

BY SYNONYMS, BY CLASS, BY NEGATION

Ways to define a term/concept:

BY SYNONYMS

is explaining a term by using the words that mean the same thing.

DEFINITON PARAGRAPH, EXEMPLIFICATION PARAGRAPH, CLASSIFICATION PARAGRAPH, NARRATION PARAGRAPH, DESCRIPTION PARAGRAPH, COMPARISON AND CONTRAST PARAGRAPH, CASUAL ANALYSIS, PROBLEM SOLUTION, PERSUASION

Patterns of Paragraph Development:

BY CLASS

is when you put your topic in a broad category to explain your term.

BY NEGATION

means that the writer first says something is not, and then says what it is.

EXEMPLIFICATION PARAGRAPH

Presents the general statement and then provides specific and concrete examples to expound on the main idea.

EXEMPLIFICATION PARAGRAPH

the process of listing, enumerating or giving examples.

CONCEPT MAP

What graphic organizers is useful for Exemplification Paragraph?

CLASSIFICATION PARAGRAPH

clearly defines something and placed it in a group according to some basis or rule so that it only fits in one group

CLASSIFICATION PARAGRAPH

Entails categorization to group together items according to their similarities.

NARRATION PARAGRAPH (CHRONOLOGY/PROCEDURAL)

this paragraph uses past form of the verb

NARRATION PARAGRAPH

a story written to explain what, when, where, and who. Telling a story, whether real or fictional, is what you do in _____ writing. You use your memory and imagination to not just create a story, but also to interpret them.

OBJECTIVE OR SUBJECTIVE

Narration can be:

OBJECTIVE NARRATION

presents facts to create an accurate time line of events.

SUBJECTIVE NARRATION

conveys the impressions, feelings, insight, or point of view.

DESCRIPTION PARAGRAPH

Gives information of what a person, object, place, or situation is like.

DESCRIPTION PARAGRAPH

Appeals to the reader’s senses.
Should have concrete and specific details.

LITERARY ANALYSIS, DESCRIPTIVE ESSAYS, BUSINESS PLANS, LABORATORY REPORTS, RESEARCH PAPERS

Descriptive Paragraph writing genres:

COMPARISON AND CONTRAST PARAGRAPH

Is where the similarities and differences of two or more things are explored.

VENN DIAGRAM

Best graphic organizer to be used in Comparison and Contrast Paragraph?

CASUAL ANALYSIS

cause and effect

CAUSE

What prompted something to happen

EFFECT

What was yielded after something else took place

PROBLEM SOLUTION

Identifying a problem, finding solutions

PERSUASION

Coupled with argumentation, Appealing to the audience’s emotions

ARGUMENTATION

makes use of logos, (appealing to the audience’s logic; that is, when you use facts,  and well-supported and well-developed claims to support an _____________).

PERSUASION

makes use of pathos (appealing to the audience’s emotions.

DYMOCH (2005)

According to_______ Many students have problems comprehending expository text because they can’t see the basic structure of the text.

ORGANIZATION

Refers to the arrangement of ideas in a text.

ORGANIZATION

It is achieved when these ideas are logically and accurately arranged.

ORGANIZATION

is structural framework of writing.

PHYSICAL PRESENTATION, SIGNAL WORDS, TEXTUAL STRUCTURE

aspects of Text Organization:

PHYSICAL PRESENTATION

It is observed in how the text physically appears like headings and subheadings, bullet points, or font emphasis.

SIGNAL WORDS

are textual cues that readers use to follow a text. They can "____” the transition from one point to another, the ordering of events and concepts, or the writer's chosen text type.

TEXTUAL STRUCTURE

refers to the framework of a text's beginning, middle, and end.

BEGINNING

Also called as the lead or the hook. It introduces the readers to the purpose of the writing by introducing characters or setting(for narrative) or the topic, thesis, or argument (for expository writing).

MIDDLE

The organization of the middle of a piece of writing depends on the genre.

END/CONCLUSION

It is the restatement of the thesis and major points, showing how the writer has proven his/her position.

GRAMMAR

the set of rules that explains how words are used in a language. It provides a standard on how words, phrases, and sentences should be arranged together.

FOCUS, DEVELOPMENT, UNITY

Important Features of an Organized Text:

COHERENCE

Relationship of ideas between sentences.

COHERENCE

Refers to the overall sense of unity in the passage including both the main point of the sentence and the main point of each paragraph.

COHESION

The grammatical and lexical relationship between different elements of a text which hold it together.

CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER, SPATIAL ORDER, EMPHATIC ORDER

How can we Organize the Details of a Paragraph:

CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER

Arranged in the order in which they happened.

SPATIAL ORDER

Arranged according to the geographical location.

EMPHATIC ORDER

Arranged to emphasize certain points depending on the writer’s purpose.

TIME, SEQUENCE, SPACE, ILLUSTRATION, COMPARISON, CONTRAST, CAUSE AND EFFECT, CONCLUSION

TRANSITIONS (SIGNAL DEVICES):

SIGNAL DEVICES

words that give readers an idea of  how the points in your paragraphs are progressing.

TRANSITIONS

words that connect one idea to another, in order for our ideas to flow smoothly

TRANSITIONS, REPITITIONS, SYNONYMS, PRONOUNS

SIGNAL DEVICES:

REPITITIONS

keep continuity and highlight important ideas. It could be a word, phrase, full sentence, or poetical line repeated to emphasize its significance in the entire text.

SYNONYMS

are words similar in meaning to important words or phrases that prevent tedious repetitions.

PRONOUNS

words that connect readers to the original word that the ________ replace.

LANGUAGE USE

Appropriateness of word or vocabulary usage.

FORMAL AND INFORMAL

Language Use:

FORMAL

Direct and simple.
Used in academic writing, business, and official texts.

INFORMAL

unbiased language.
Used in writing for one’s self or in your writing to family, friends, and colleague.

LANGUAGE MECHANICS

Correct and proper use of spelling, punctuation marks, and capitalization.

AVOID CONTRACTIONS AND EXCLAMATION POINTS, MENTION THE FULL NAME BEFORE THE ABBREVIATION, NUMBERS FROM 0-10 MUST BE SPELLED OUT.

Set of conventions on how to spell, abbreviate, punctuate, and capitalize: