Henry V - Lancastrians and Yorkists (knowledge sheet)

Events as Prince Henry

Campaigns in Wales against Glyndwr

Led the ruling council from 1406-1411

Won Battle of Shrewsbury in 1403 against Hotspur

1411-1412 Had a row with Henry IV and excluded from political influence, Was reconciled in 1413 before death of Henry IV

Aims in preparation for war with france

Recoup lands from Treaty of Bretigny

Marriage to Catherine of Valois

Take advantage of Burgundian/Armagnac factional infighting at French court caused by insanity of Charles VI of France

Securing borders as part of preparation for war with france

-Conciliation with Welsh

-Allowed Henry Percy to inherit the Earldom of Northumberlamd

-James I of Scotland imprisoned in England

-Truce with Brittany

- Dealt with Southampton Plot ruthlessly (nobles, Scottish and Welsh rebels, Lollards who may have been funded by France)

Besiege of Harfleur

- 10,000 to 12,500 men besieged Harfleur by land and sea. French surrendered on the 22nd September 1415

Battle of Agincourt

25th October 1415

- More than 80% of English army were archers

- Used sharp stakes as protection

- French in heavy armour and forced to keep a tight formation on muddy ground- slipped and exposed vulnerabilities. Even though they were a much larger force, they were disadvantaged

- FRENCH DEFEATED

Consequences of the battle of agincourt

- Only 2 noble deaths - Earl of Suffolk and Duke of York

- Henry's reputation as military leader improved as victory against the odds.

- exaggeration of chroniclers

- support of parliament- tonnage and poundage for life

Tonnage and poundage :

Tonnage - a fixed subsidy on each cask of wine imported

Poundage - a proportional tax on all imported and exported goods

1417: Invasion of Normandy

- Siege warfare at Caen, Alencon, Domfront and Cherbourg (earl of warwick and duke of gloucester were key deputies)

- Rouen besieged and captured in 1419

1419: Anglo-Burgundian Alliance

- Following assassination of John the Fearless (Duke of Burgundy) at Montereau

1420 Treaty of Troyes

- Marriage to Catherine of Valois

- Heir to French throne

- Regent of France if Charles VI incapacitated

- Normandy ruled separately until death of Charles VI

- Anglo-Burgundian alliance to continue to work against Dauphin and Armagnac faction

- Led to a Tricky legacy for Henry VI

Lollard

a follower of John Wycliffe

advocated the Bible in English

Questioned authority of the pope and the role of priest in services

Sir John Oldcastle

Had fought in Welsh campaigns 1400-1408

Heretical views attracted attention of Archbishop Arundel and was arrested in 1413

Escaped from prison and in 1414 led a rebellion

Significance of Sir John Oldcastle

Came to nothing

Only around 200 rebels

Statute of Lollards and Statute of Riots strengthened

1417- Oldcastle was captured, tried and executed

Who were the Southampton plotters?

Richard, Earl of Cambridge

Baron Scrope

Sir Thomas Grey

Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March.

How were those ill with dysentery from Harfleur sent home?

sick note

After she was widowed who was Catherine of Valois rumoured to have been in a relationship with?

Edmund Beaufort

Who did Catherine of Valois later marry after she was widowed?

Owen Tudor.

Grandson was Henry VII

When does Henry V become king

1413

When is Oldcastle's rebellion?

1414

When are the statutes against the Lollardy?

1414

When is the truce with Brittany

1414

When is the Southampton Plot?

1415

When is the siege of Harfleur?

1415

When is battle of agincourt?

1415

When is the alliance against France with the King of the Romans

1416

When is the invasion of France

1417

When is the execution of Oldcastle?

1417

When is the siege of Rouen?

1418

When does Rouen fall?

1419

When is the murder of John the Fearless

September 1419

When is the Anglo-Burgundian Alliance?

1419

When is the Treaty of Troyes?

1420

When does Henry marry Catherine of Valois?

1420

When is Henry VI born?

1421

When does Henry V die?

1422