PERIOD 3

What helped form a new national identity in America during the Revolutionary War era?

The Declaration of Independence (1776), which proclaimed equality, individual rights, and government by consent of the governed.

What was the significance of the French & Indian War (1754-1763) for American identity?

It created colonial unity.

What did the American Duties Act of 1764 (Sugar Act) do?

Imposed import duties on wine, coffee, and other luxury items to raise funds and reestablish authority.

What groups formed to oppose the Stamp Act?

The Sons of Liberty, Daughters of Liberty, and Vox Populi.

What economic system defined the U.S. economy during this period?

Colonial mercantilism, which was regulated by colonial overlords and limited entrepreneurial freedom.

What role did Valley Forge play in the Revolutionary War?

It was an establishment for resupplying troops during the winter of 1777.

What factors pushed people to migrate westward after the Revolutionary War?

Economic hardship, overcrowding, lack of land, and restrictions in the eastern colonies.

What was the Articles of Confederation?

The original agreement that formed the basis of the U.S. government, which was weak and ineffective.

What were the Virginia Plan and the New Jersey Plan?

Plans proposed for the structure of the U.S. government, with the Virginia Plan favoring larger states and the New Jersey Plan favoring smaller states.

How did Americans view Britain after the revolution?

Mixed feelings; they recognized Britain as both a former colonial power and a potential competitor.

What were the primary economic activities in the New England colonies?

Farming, fishing, and shipbuilding.

What did Enlightenment ideas contribute to American society?

Concepts such as natural rights ('life, liberty, and property') and republicanism.

What institution reinforced community values and social expectations in early American society?

The church.

What was the 3/5 Compromise?

An agreement that counted three-fifths of the enslaved population for representation and taxation purposes.

What was the American System and who suggested it?

A plan to strengthen and unify the nation, suggested by Henry Clay and the Whig Party, supporting high tariffs and internal improvements.