clin path test liver?

liver def

structure that uses detoxification; has 4-5 lobes

where does the gallbladder reside?

in the lobes of the liver

hepatic artery def

supplies oxygen and nutrients; ¼ of blood going into liver

hepatic vein def

clean blood; ¾ of blood comes from organs and sent to liver for detox

hepatocyte def

contain liver enzymes, preform major functions

hepatocytes are what percent of liver cells

60%

kepfer cells def

part of RES, digests RBCs

stellate cells def

store fat and vitamin A

bile ductal system

in between hepatocytes

step 1- formation of bile

emulsification of fat; aids in pancreatic digestion

formation of bile uses what enzyme to digest

lipase

step 2- detoxification

breaks down drugs and detox. blood

step 3- metabolism of carbs and fats

glucose in blood is carried to liver and stored as glycogen; can be reversed

step 4- process protein gluconeogenesis

remove nitrogen to process into glucose

remove nitrogen from glucose process

ammonia NH3, becomes urea, into urine

step 5- production of blood proteins

albumin, globulin, fibrinogen; decrease in TSP

increase total solid protein (TSP) caused by

usually dehydration

decrease in TSP could be…

protein-losing nephropathy or enteropathy

chemistry panel bile pigments

total bilirubin, conjugated bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin

increase in unconjugated bilirubin

issue in liver (liver disease); increased biliverdin when starting process (hemolytic disease)

increase in conjugated bilirubin

issue with gall bladder; inadequate dumping of intestines

cholestasis def

bile ducts and gall bladder flowage issue

jaundice def

liver disease; too much of any pigment; hemolytic disease

ALT def

alanine aminotransferase

ALT usage/ source

dogs, cats, primates; tests hepatocytes of liver

SD def

sorbitol dehydrogenase

SD usage

liver specific; not stable within blood so it must be tested within 12 hours

AST def

aspartate aminotransferase

AST usage

tests hepatocytes; found in RBCs, cardio/skeletal muscle and kidney pancreas

CK def

creatine kinase

CK usage

cardiac and skeletal muscle; ran with AST