Developments in East Asia from 1200 to 1450

A series of flashcards summarizing key concepts from the lecture on developments in East Asia during the Song Dynasty.

How did the Song Dynasty maintain and justify its power?

Through a revival of Confucianism and the establishment of an imperial bureaucracy.

What philosophy became the official state philosophy during the Song Dynasty?

Confucianism, which was later adapted into Neo-Confucianism.

What was filial piety in the context of Confucianism?

The practice of honoring one's ancestors and parents.

What dramatic practice symbolized women's subordination in Song China?

Foot binding.

What was the role of the imperial bureaucracy in the Song Dynasty?

To carry out the will of the emperor and ensure obedience across the vast empire.

What system was used to recruit men into the Song bureaucracy?

Civil service examinations based on Confucian classics.

How did the tributary system operate between China and Korea?

Korean officials acknowledged China's superiority through tribute, ensuring political and economic relationships.

What distinguished the cultural influence of China on Japan compared to Korea?

Japan adopted traits voluntarily, whereas Korea's adoption was influenced by the threat of invasion.

In what way did Vietnam's relationship with China resemble that of Korea?

Vietnam maintained a tributary relationship while being politically independent.

What is Mahayana Buddhism and how does it differ from Theravada Buddhism?

Mahayana Buddhism emphasizes that teachings are available to all, while Theravada mainly focuses on monastic practice.

What was a key agricultural innovation during the Song Dynasty?

The introduction of Champa rice, which was drought-resistant and could be harvested twice a year.

What were the modes of economic prosperity in the Song Dynasty?

Widespread commercialization, improvements in iron and steel production, agricultural innovations, and transportation advancements.

How did the expansion of the Grand Canal contribute to the Song economy?

It linked major rivers, making trade among regions much cheaper.

What was the significance of the magnetic compass during the Song Dynasty?

It improved navigation which facilitated sea-based trade.

How did the population growth during the Song Dynasty correlate with agricultural advancements?

More food from agricultural innovations led to a population explosion.

What was Chan Buddhism in the context of Chinese adaptations of Buddhism?

A distinct Chinese version of Buddhism that focused on meditation and direct experience.