COMPSCI 1101 SIR JAN ( LAST TERM )

A ____ is a named, independent section of C code that performs a specific task and optionally returns a value to the calling statement.

function

By using that identifier in another part of the program, you can execute the statements contained in the function. This is known as _____.

calling the function

A function is ____. A function can perform its task without interference from or interfering with other parts of the program

independent

A function ______. A task is a discrete job that your program must perform as part of its overall operation, like sending a line of text to a printer.

performs a specific task

A function can _____. When your statement calls a function, the statements a function contains are executed. If you want them to, these statements can pass information back to the calling program.

return a value to the calling statement

There are two types of functions in C Programming

Standard Library functions (built-in)
User-defined functions (custom)

The _____ are built-in functions in C programming.

standard library functions

These functions are defined in header files.

standard library functions

The ____ and ____ functions are defined in the stdio.h header file.

printf()
scanf()

The ____function is defined in the math.h header file.

sqrt()

LIST THE 5 REASONS WHY FUNCTION USED IN PROGRAMMING

Function code is reusable.

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Functions make programs smaller.

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Functions make programs easier to write.

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Functions lead to improved commenting and readability.

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Functions make programs easier to maintain

The first line of a function is called function ____

prototype declaration.

It tells the compiler four things about the function:

( list the four things about the function)

Its data type


Its name


The argument it takes


Who can call it

Like an operand and expression, a _____ also has a data type associated with it.

FUNCTIONS

The data type of a function is the data type of the value it ___.

returns

If the data type is omitted it defaults to_____

int.

Every function must have a_____. Following the rules of identifiers.

name

There can be only one function named ____in a program.

main

The expression following ____is evaluated and its value becomes the return value of the function.

return

The value passed by the function call statement is called an ____

argument.

The arguments passed into a function are known as the function’s _____

parameters.

when passing an argument in function, We passed the _____ not its name.

variable’s value

The C language provides a convenient mechanism whereby the results of a function may be returned to the calling routine.

RETURNING VALUES

The syntax of this (RETURNING VALUES) construct is:

return expression;

This statement indicates that the function is to return the value of the expression back to the calling function

RETURNING VALUES

There are two ways to pass parameters to functions:

They are known generically as “_____” and “______”.

call by value AND call by reference

In C, all arguments are passed “_______”. This means that each argument passed to a function is evaluated, and its value is passed into the function.

call by value

In a call by_____, instead of passing the value of the argument into the function, a reference to (i.e. the memory address of) the value is passed into the function.

reference

LIST THE DIFFERENT KINDS OF USER DEFINED FUNCTIONS BASED ON OUR NEEDS

1) Non-returning functions without parameters
2) Non-returning functions with parameters
3) Returning functions without parameters
4) Returning functions with parameters

NON-RETURNING FUNCTIONS WITHOUT PARAMETERS SYNTAX

NON-RETURNING FUNCTIONS WITH PARAMETERS SYNTAX

RETURNING FUNCTIONS WITHOUT PARAMETERS

RETURNING FUNCTIONS WITH PARAMETERS

An outer block variable name is valid in an inner block unless the block redefines

FUNCTION VARIABLES

If an existing variable name is redefined in an inner block, or a new variable name is defined in an inner block, the variable is valid only within that block and is “___” from an outer block.

hidden

the scope of a local variable is the function in which it is ___

defined.

variables that are declared within the bounds of a function or block are referred to as_____

local variables or internal variables..

Variables may also be declared outside of any function block, in the same source file. They are referred to as___

global variables or external variables.

By using recursion in returning functions, it is necessary to use ____ for different outcomes.

multiple return statements

An_____ is a group of memory locations related by
the fact that they have the same identifier and
data type.

array

____ provides the capability for the
programmer to define a set of ordered data items.
An array is just the same to a list.

C language

Array must be____ before they are used.

declared

▪ Giving a name to an array takes also the rules _____ in identifiers.

of naming convention

Declaration of an array involves ___the data type of values that will be stored (int, char, float, double) and ___ also the maximum number of elements (dimension) that will be stored.

declaring
indicating

syntax of array

Each element of the array can be referenced by means
of a number called the_____.

index or subscript

The index must be an____ or an ____

integer
integer expression.

In C, the first element is indexed with____

0 (zero).

To access or reference a single element of an array,
we state the array name followed by a number in
______.

square brackets

If an array uses an expression as a____, the
value of the expression is evaluated first to
determine the subscript.

subscript

An____ array element can be used just like
variable.

individual

Array _____can also be used in calculations.
They are also operands.

elements

Like variables, arrays can also be _____

initialized

This is done by listing the initial _____ of the array.

values
(initializers)

The values in the list are separated by ____, and
the entire list is enclosed by_____.

commas
parentheses

If there is not enough values, elements are set to___

0

C allows to define an array without ____the number of elements (no dimension).

specifying

When this is done the size of the array is
determined____, based on the number of
____.

automatically
initialized elements

C has no___to prevent the
computer from referring to an element that does not
exist.

array bounds checking

Storing individual values in each array element requires accessing ____array elements

individual

Size of array is usually passed to a____

function