Argumentation Lecture Notes

Flashcards from Lecture Notes

What does it mean that argumentation is symbolic?

Argumentation is symbolic.

What is Argumentation?

Argumentation is persuasion that relies on reason, proof, or evidence.

What is Kenneth Burke's terministic screen?

Each term forms a strand in meaning; trying to have others view with certain words.

What are the three functions of terministic screens?

Selects, deflects, and reflects reality.

What does the logical approach to argument entail?

Facts and structure about problem-solving, involves values.

What is the dialectical approach to argument?

Take two opposing ideas and smash them together to see which is stronger, not to argue but to create a solution to a problem.

What are the components of the Rhetorical approach to argument?

Values, field, form follows function and audience.

What does 'Form Follows Function' mean in the context of argumentation?

The design of a message is always tied to the purpose it is trying to achieve.

What are the qualities of ethical argumentation?

Clear, honest, efficient, ethical, and relevant.

What are the key functions of argumentation?

Creating social truths, producing knowledge, solving problems rooted in rational causes, regulation of uncertainty, risk confrontation, and frame of reference.

In the first argument stage, what should you do?

Explain and define.

How should you view your audience?

Audience as potential allies.

What is Fordman's concept of 'presence'?

The front burner of the audience's mind.

What is 'field' in the context of argumentation?

Intellectual context argument takes place.

What do all fields have?

Basic of argument, logic, evidence claims, and responsibilities of participant.

What are Independent or invariant elements?

The same in every field, primary colors.

What are Dependent or variant elements?

Type, quality, amount, consistency.

What exist in every field?

Opposition and advocate.

What is artificial presumption?

Everything that confirm beliefs.

What is Assumption?

Conclusion you come to in the moment.

What is God Terms?

Something deserving of sacrifice

What is Devil Terms?

Things incapable of redemption

What is Charismatic Terms?

Like power ups in games; things we add to that increase potency, or what we tink abt

What is Narrative Fidelity

internal consistency; looking for contradictions

What is Narrative Probability

external consistency; matching things with our own criteria

What does presumption do?

Presumption establishes a default position favoring one side in an argument, making it easier for that side to win unless the opposing side provides sufficient evidence to counter it. (Opp has this)

What is in types of prop

Fact, Value and Policy

What is Rebbuttal

indicates conditions where claim is invalid

What is backing

additional support

What is EXample

specific instance used to represent something larger

What is Statistic

collections of examples expressed numerically

Descriptive Statistics

examines entire population

Inferencial Statistics

sample of population

What is Testimony

takes someone else's word for it

Descriptive Testimony

Eyewitness; ppl telling what they saw, etc

Interpretive Testimony

Passing judgement

What is Inductive Reasoning

takes spec case and applies it to general population

Argument by Analogy

compare 2 things, saying they are similar or notLi

Literal Analogy

Comparison between 2 things from same group

Figurative Analogy

Comparison between 2 things from different groups

What is Test Anology

similiarities numerous significant?

What is Causal correlation

saying 2 things are rolated in time

What is Test Cause/Effect

relationship consistentare liable

What is Deductive Reasoning

movesfromgen ideatospecific

What is major premise

what Field believesto be

What is minor premise

The specific apllictions

Enthymeme

shape Fill in blanks

ArgumentFromsinipresentatial

basedona set ofqualities

What is Causal Generalization

general cases causing something

Just bis it Ad Populum

smthing is popular or unpopular

What is Ad Hominem

attack person instead

What is Appeal to Tradition

always been that way

What is PostHoc Ergo Propter Hoc

twothings occurneareachother

What is Of composition

parts dohot represent whole

What is OfDivision

Whole is not rup by part

Ignorance

Prove ne wrong

Circular Reasoning

Sound the same

Major in Minors

unclear that triviat

Tu quoque

Prove the same

False Dichopmy

Provide 2 options

Acadmeic Debate is based on

quality of case

Prep Time

givesto discuss you/grp

Support resolution

Affirmative

against resolution

Negative

Rhetorical is based on

cutting cards

1AC

Building any.

INC

Building all

Rebuttal

attack

Stands

Def terms

challenging Case

substantive

Politics

not definedfields

Model

Elaboration Likelihood Model

Cases in laws

Criminal & Civil cases

Adversarial

bestwayto resolvethings

Discovery

gatheringinpo

Judgement

deliberation-

bus borgs

relationship