APUSH Unit 3 Part 1 Vocab

Federalists

political party that desired strong federal government and tariffs to protect US industry; led by Hamilton

Democratic-Republicans (Anti-Federalists)

political party that feared strong federal government; led by Jefferson

Proclamation of Neutrality

under George Washington, this said the US would not take sides in the French Revolutionary Wars

Jay’s Treaty

treaty with Great Britain that said Brits would remove troops from NW Territories and wouldn't interfere with US shipping

Pinckney Treaty

treaty with Spain that said Spain would recognize US neutrality, end Spanish claims to Mississippi territory, draw a border with Florida, give the US access to Mississippi River and New Orleans

Battle of Fallen Timbers

after this, the Ohio River Valley Indians gave up claims to Ohio River Valley; opened Indiana to settlement

Whiskey Rebellion

first challenge to federal power after the Constitution was written; collapsed in face of federal power

Alien and Sedition Acts

under Adams, these laws said "dangerous" foreigners could be deported and that it was illegal to criticize the President

Kentucky Resolves and Virginia Resolves

laws that nullified (cancelled) the Alien and Sedition Acts in those states

impressment

term that refers to British policy of seizing American ships and forcing US sailors to help British fight its enemies

Northwest Ordinance

law that established a process by which new states above the Ohio River would be admitted to the Union

Articles of Confederation

outlined the first form of the US government; unicameral legislature

Shays' Rebellion

this convinced many Founding Fathers that a stronger federal government was necessary; took place in Massachusetts in 1786

Great Compromise

solved the problem of representation; created a House of Representatives and a Senate

Three-Fifths Compromise

was a result of slave states wanting to count their slaves in their population so they could increase their representation in the House of Representatives

Electoral College

system to elect the President; favored the small states and slave states

Thomas Jefferson

leader of the Democratic-Republicans; favored a smaller federal government

Alexander Hamilton

leader of the Federalists; favored a larger federal government

Federalist 51

essay in which Madison outlined a system of separation of powers and checks and balances

Bill of Rights

added to Constitution to satisfy the Anti-Federalists; protects individual rights from abuse by a strong government

10th Amendment

says all powers not outlined in the Constitution for the federal government are reserved for the individual states

Article 6

example of religious toleration in Constitution; says no "religious test" is required to hold office

federalism

system in which power is divided between the federal and state governments