Multi-Store model

Name the 3 components of the multistore model of memory (3)

• sensory register

• Short term memory

• Long term memory

Identify 2 sub stores within the sensory register

• Iconic (visual)

• Echoic (auditory)

Identify the process which determines whether information passes from sensory to short and short to long (2)

• sensory → short term = Attention

• short term → long term = Rehearsal

What claims does the multi-store model make about the types of coding in short and long term memory

• STM coding is acoustic (sound)

• LTM coding is semantic (meaning)

Draw a diagram of the multi-store model of memory (8)

Explain how Glazer & Cunitz’s study of the primacy-recency effect has shown that short and long term memory are distinct components, as the multi-store model claims (3)

• Participants recall more items from the beginning and end of sequences

• Items from the beginning are rehearsed and stored in LTM

• Items from the end are still in STM

Explain how case studies of HM / Clive Wearing have shown short term and long term memory are distinct components (3)

• HM and Clive Wearing had intact STM

• But transfer of information to LTM was impaired

• Selective impairment implies distinct components

Explain how the case study of brain damage to patient KF provides evidence against the multi-store model (3)

• STM poor when words were read

• But better when he read them himself

• Suggests that there are separate processing components in STM, so it’s not unitary

Explain how the case study of HM provides evidence against the multi-store model (4)

• acquired a new skill (mirror drawing)

• But couldn’t recall learning it

• Suggesting that there are separate components within LTM: procedural and episodic memory

• So LTM isn’t unitary

Identify who found evidence to support the following claims made by the multi-store model:

• capacity of STM = 7

• duration of STM = 18-30s

• duration of LTM = lifetime

• coding of STM = acoustic

• coding of LTM = semantic

• capacity of STM = 7 = Miller, Jacobs

• duration of STM = 18-30s = Peterson & Peterson

• duration of LTM = lifetime = Bahrick

• coding of STM = acoustic = Baddeley (1966)

• coding of LTM = semantic = Baddeley (1966)