New Testament Survey I

final exam study guide

stages in the development of the Gospels

• historical events

• oral tradition

• written sources

• the Gospels

the two fundamental features of a plot

causation and conflict

literary criticism

methods of studying a gospel by dissecting it into hypothetical sources

synoptic saying sources

Q hypothesis used by Matthew and Luke

literary devices

• repetition

• intercalation

• symbolism

who instigated the Maccabean revolt and who lead it?

Antiochus IV and Judas

which was the dominant solution to the synoptic problem?

two or four source theory

form-critical categories

• pericope

• miracle story

• pronouncement story

• passion narrative

criticism for oral tradition

form criticism

criticism for the gospels

redaction criticism

criticism for historical events

historical Jesus research

criticism for written sources

source criticism

who was the roman ruler during the time of Jesus’ public ministry?

Tiberius Caesar

Farrer hypothesis

rejects source theory, Markan priority, Matthew from Mark and Luke from both Matthew and Mark

Grisbach hypothesis

rejects source theory, Mattean priority

how many quests were there for the historical Jesus?

three

who was Philo?

first century Jewish philosopher

Marcus Borg

Spirit-endowed holy man

E.P. Sanders

Eschatological prophet

Elizabeth Schussler-Fiorenza

Jewish wisdom teacher

John Dominic-Crossan

cynical philosopher

Richard Horsley

social revolutionary

Martin Kahler

compiled quest for historical Jesus into one set of ideas

jewish groups in the first century

• herodians

• sadducees

• pharisees

• essenes

• zealots

Johanna ben Zakkai

established an academy for the study of Law at Jamna

Josephus

first century jewish historian, wanted to establish credit among the Jews

Jesus of History (according to Rudolf Bultmann)

wisdom teacher and social/political revolutionary

Christ of Faith (according to Rudolf Bultmann)

Prophet and spirit-endowed holy man of Jewish and Christian tradition

the pharisees thrived after the destruction of Jerusalem

true

literature contained within the Dead Sea Scrolls:

• biblical manuscripts

• extra biblical literatures

• sectarian literature

apocrypha accepted by…

• roman catholics

• eastern orthodox

• Coptics

Matthew’s central theological theme

• Jesus the messiah

• Emmanual

• OT fulfillment

Matthew’s audience

mixed

understanding of the parables is based on…

the individual’s response

central theme of olivet discourse

eschatology

how were the religious leaders viewed in Matthew?

negatively

theme of second discourse in the Gospel of Matthew

discipleship

the great commission goes to all nations…

after Israel rejects the gospel

3 allegorical passages in Matthew 21-22 primarily depict

religious leaders

Matthew was written from

Antioch

sermon on the mount demonstrates

Jesus’ authority

2 literary features of Matthew

• concise

• fulfillment formula

theological themes of Mark

• kingdom of God

• discipleship

• Jesus the messiah

first half vs second half of mark

mighty messiah vs suffering servant

the role of minor characters in mark is generally…

positive

how many times does Jesus predict his death in Mark?

three times

Rhetorical devices in Mark

• intercalation

• triads

• topical ordering

marks passion narrative is one of…

betrayal, desertion, rejection

Luke’s central christological theme is…

righteous servant

theophilus was probably a 

patron

what is the turning point in the gospel of Luke?

peter’s confession

Jesus’s nazareth sermon focuses on

Jesus’s ministry and the disciples’ future ministry

Luke’s literary style

historiography

Luke’s prologue contains

literary greek

climax of Luke’s travel narrative

Zacchaeus

Jerusalem’s twofold representation

• Jesus’ salvific purpose

• the Jews’ rejection of him

narrative emphasis in Luke on Jesus’ identity as a

jew

Travel narrative in Luke is also known as…

the Gospel for the Outcasts

Narrative purpose of John

recording the miracles of Jesus

Book of glory begins at the…

last supper

climax of John’s seven signs

Lazarus

Paraclete

counselor/Holy Spirit

John’s gospel was likely written in

Ephesus

John’s literary style is

unique

Jesus’s miracles are paralleled historically by…

• magicians

• hellenistic divine men

• charismatic rabbis

David Hume

believed miracles are irrational, people are prone to believe the supernatural

Craig Blomberg on miracles

nature miracles function like enacted parables

How must the question of miracles be examined?

historically and philosophically

theological significance of Bethlehem

birthplace of David

key features of the intertestamental period

• Persian empire

• Alexander the great

• hellenistic kingdoms

• Maccabean revolt

• Jewish dynasty

• Roman Empire

Alexander the Great

son of Philip of Macedon, trained soldiers

Alexander’s death raised the question…

how do you divide the world?!

Hellenism

Greek culture

Ptolomeic Dynasty and Seleucid dynasty are important to

jewish history

torah

cente of Jewish life, practice, and experience