genetics basics

what did gregor mendal discover

chromosomal theory of inheritance (from meiosis and observations)

what is the chromosomal theory of inheritance

genes are locatied on chromosomes and transmitions via mitosis leads to patterns of inhertiance

How did mendel study genetics

transmition of trasits through selective breeding

genotype

actual genetic makeup , AA, Aa, Bb, bb, Ab

phenotype

physcial expression, hair texture, eyecolor

homozygus

two of the same allel aa AA bb BB

heterozygus

mix of alleles Ab Aa

dominant allele

the allele that shows up in the phenotype

recessive allele

onlu visible in the phenoype when no dominat alleles are present

principle of segregation

each parent has an equal probability of passing down either allele they possses (due to the seperation of homo chromosomes in gameet formation)

test crosses allow for

determining unkown genotype by crossing with homozygou ressive (lowercase lowecase)