Chapter 10 Test

What are traits?

Characteristivs such as hair color, eye color etc...

What are chromosomes?

Instructions for each trait that are located in the nucleus of the cells

What are genes?

Segments that DNA are organized into

What do genes control?

The production of a protein

How many genes do chromosomes contain?

Hundreds.

How many chromosomes do humans cells have?

46

How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?

23

What are homologous chromosomes?

chromosomes that make up pairs.

Why do organisms produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes?

To maintain the same number of chromosomes from generation to generation.

What is the symbol n

It represents the number of chromosomes in a gamete

What is a haploid cell?

A cell with n chromosomes

What is a diploid cell?

A cell that contains 2n chromosomes

What is meiosis

A type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell and produces gametes.

What happens in interphase?

Chromosomes replicate and chromatin condenses

What happens during prophase I

pairing of homologous chromosomes occurs