great depression

Progressive movement

changes to existing social order in the early 20th century

Muck-raker journalists

brought limited reforms in food and drug safety, industrial safety, child labor, environmental protections

Vision of modernity and opposing sides

Muck-raker journalist ideology and the conservation crusade vs. eugenics

Conservation Crusade

movement brought by teddy roosevelet to protect natural resources

What did the conservation crusade lead to

the creation of national parks

Flexner report of 1910

modernized medical education

Corporations and organizations emerging during progressive era

General electric

boy scouts of america

girl scouts of america

IBM

ways early 20th century saw the reinforcement of existing social order

legal means

mob violence

legal ways of maintaining social order

Jim Crow laws

Jim Crow laws

shaped business and personal life by affecting how people traveled and interacted in public spaces

Jim Crow laws outcomes related to class

benefits of new fuel sources were not equally shared

Reed Johnson Act

limited the number of immigrants allowed in the US through national origins quota

what group did Reed Johnson Act exclude

every group but completely excluded immigrants from asia

mob violence in America

mob violence kills over 4000 between reconstruction and WW2

victims of mob violence

lynching victims mostly black, but many mexican and other non-whites

early 20th century and fossil fuels

fossil fuels increasingly shape American transit and life

Breaking of standard oil

US supreme court breaks up standard oil into companies central to fossil fuel production like Chevron and exxon mobil

Breaking of standard oil importance

the breakup forms companies highly influential today, seeking to keep fossil fuels central to global economy

post WW1 US

US emerges from WW1 with factories and farmlands unscathed

booming population and economy

What group helped win WW1 for America

Native Americans

Indian Citizenship Act in 1924

gave citizenship for all Native Americans

What scared the US post WW1

the russian revolution

What did the Russian revolution lead to

Russia gets led by communists

Red scare

Prohibition

a pro-family and women’s right effort to keep paychecks coming home

Boom in cities 1920s

1920s was the first time over half of the US population was defined as urban

Rural america in 1920s

farm families do not see same economic gains as urban ones

What event marked the beginning of the great crash

Black Monday

How much did the Dow drop on Black Monday

almost 13% followed by a drop of 12%

How long did it take the Dow to recover

20 years

Great Crash of 1929

over 10 weeks, stocks on NYSE lost half of their value

What drove the US into the great depression

bank panics in 1930/1931

What do bank failures mean for citizens

many americans lose their savings

what does the stock market crash mean

businesses fail so people lose their jobs

Job loss in the great depression

a quarter of all workers were unemployed

Hoovervilles

communities of cardboard shacks for americans who lost their homes

How did people look for jobs in the Great Depression

people roamed the country on foot and on boxcars seeking work

The New Deal

expansion of government power and the idea that government should help americans when they are sick old or having trouble finding a job

Aspects of the first new deal

federal emergency relief administration

home owners loan corporation

TVA

flint michigan sit down strike

forced recognition of automobile workers union at GM

What group helped workers unionize

US communist party ends non-cooperation and works with labor unions

federal emergency relief administration

Distributed $500 million to states for unemployment relief

Home Owners Loan Corporation

federal agency that refinanced home mortgages to prevent mass foreclosures

How vast was the Home Owners Loan Corporation

refinanced one in five of all mortgaged homes in america

Labor unrest in the Great Depression

Sit-down strikes in GM and US Steel

US communist party

Aspects of the second new deal

Social Security Act

National Labor Relations Act

Social security act

created foundation of American social safety net

aspects of social security act

old age insurance

unemployment insurance

aid to dependent children

National Labor relations act

guaranteed workers the legal right to unionize and force employers to negotiate with them

First New Deal main idea

emergency response to immediate crisis, stabilizing collapsing economy

Second New Deal main idea

permanent structural reform that shifted power toward workers and ordinary citizens