Bio Vocab CH.23
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14 Terms
Bacillus
A rod-shaped bacterium.
Staphylococcus
A coccus that grows with others in grape-like clusters.
Halophile
An organism that can grow or favors a very high salt environment.
Acidophile
An organism that grows well in a warm acidic environment.
Glycocalyx
A bacterial capsule that is made of a fuzzy coat of sticky sugars.
Capsule
A protective layer of polysaccharides around the cell wall.
Exotoxin
A potent extracellular toxin secreted by some gram-positive bacteria.
Plasmid
A circular DNA molecule that is usually in bacteria and can reproduce independent of the main chromosome.
Endospore
A thick-walled protective spore that forms inside a bacterial cell and resists harsh conditions.
Phototroph
An organism that gets its energy from sunlight.
Antibiotic
A substance that inhibits the growth or kills microorganisms.
Pathology
The science of studying disease.
Pilus (fimbria)
An outgrowth, thick hairlike structure that allows a bacterium to attach to a surface.
Methanogen
A microorganism that produces methane gas.
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