Studied by 22 peopleReconstruction Era (1865-1877)
Period after the Civil War during which Northern political leaders created plans for the governance of the South and a procedure for former Southern states to rejoin the Union; Southern resentment of this era lasted well into the twentieth century
Radical Republicans
Congressional group that wished to punish the South for its secession from the Union; pushed for measures that gave economic and political rights to newly freed blacks in the South and that made it difficult for former Confederate states to rejoin the Union
Reconstruction Act (1867)
Act placing Southern states under military rule and barring former supporters of the Confederacy from voting
Carpetbaggers
Northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction Era; traditional elements of Southern society were deeply resentful of profits made by carpetbaggers during this period
Scalawags
A term of derision used in the South during the Reconstruction Era for white Southern Republicans
Ku Klux Klan
Group was founded in Tennessee in 1866; its oftentimes violent actions during the Reconstruction Era represented the resentments felt by many Southern whites toward the changing political, social, and economic conditions of the Reconstruction Era
Compromise of 1877
The political compromise ending the disputed presidential election of 1876
1865
Andrew Johnson institutes liberal
1865
Reconstruction plan Whites in Southern legislatures pass Black Codes
1865
Thirteenth Amendment ratified
1866
Civil Rights Act, Freedmens Bureau Act approved by Congress
1866
Fourteenth Amendment passes Congress (fails to be ratified in Southern states)
1866
Antiblack riots in New Orleans, Memphis
1866
Republicans who favor Radical Reconstruction win congressional elections, in essence ending Johnson’s Reconstruction plan
1866
Ku Klux Klan founded
1867
Tenure of Office Act approved by Congress (Congress had to approve presidential appointments, dismissals)
1867
Reconstruction Act approved by Congress (Southern states placed under military rule)
1867
Constitutional conventions called by former Confederate states
1867
Johnson tries to remove Edwin Stanton as secretary of war, leading to cries for his impeachment
1868
Impeachment of Andrew Johnson: Johnson impeached in the House of Representatives, not convicted in the Senate
1868
Southern states return to Union under policies established by Radical Republicans
1868
Final ratification of Fourteenth Amendment
1868
Former Civil War General Ulysses S. Grant elected president
1870
Amendment ratified Many blacks elected in Southern state legislatures
1872
Confederates allowed to hold office Ulysses S. Grant reelected
1876
Disputed presidential election between Tilden, Hayes
1877
Compromise of 1877 awards election to Hayes, ends Reconstruction in the South
Ten Percent Plan
This plan allowed Southerners without important Confederate military or political positions to swear allegiance to the US.
Wade-Davis Act
An "ironclad" oath was required of a majority of Southern voters. A Southern state could only reenter the Union on these terms by enfranchising large numbers of African American voters.
Black Codes
Later, Southern legislatures passed ________ that seemed like a return to slavery and fueled Radical Republican suspicions.
Freedman’s Bureau
In early 1865, Congress passed a bill establishing the _________. By 1866, most freed slaves were tenant farmers on their former masters' plantations, making the _________’s job difficult.
Senator Charles Sumner
__________ of Massachusetts believed that the vote and political influence were the best way to improve freedmen's status.
Congressman Thaddeus Stevens
He advocated confiscating land from wealthy Confederates and giving it to former slaves to give freedmen economic independence.
Joint Committee on Reconstruction
Congress established a __________ in late 1865 to investigate Southern conditions and recommend reintegration.
Civil Rights
The Joint Committee persuaded Congress to renew the authorization of the Freedman’s Bureau. It also proposed a ________ bill.
Civil Rights Act of 1866
The _____________ granted freedmen citizenship and extended the Freedman's Bureau. The federal courts and military could enforce these rights for freedmen.
Thirteenth Amendment
In December 1865, this Constitutional amendment abolished slavery and involuntary servitude. It confirmed Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation and freed all slaves in Union territory.
Fourteenth Amendment
National citizenship and equal rights were defined by this amendment. It included Southern-focused measures.
Reconstruction Act
In 1867, Congress passed a ______________ that put the former Confederacy under military rule.
Army Act
This act limited his ability to interfere with the army in the South.
Tenure of Office Act
This act prevented the president from firing a cabinet secretary without Senate approval.
February 24, 1868
The House of Representatives voted on articles of impeachment on ___________. No president had been impeached before.
General Ulysses S. Grant
In the 1868 presidential election, Republicans nominated Civil War hero ____________, who won easily.
Fifteenth Amendment
The _____________ guaranteed African American voting rights "on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude."
P.B.S. Pinchback
Sixteen African Americans were elected to the House and one to the Senate. ________ was elected governor of Louisiana.
Ku Klux Klan
In 1886, The __________ was founded in Tennessee. Voters and schools were burned by the Klan. Their vigilante actions included torture and murder.
Civil Rights Act of 1875
Grant was reelected in 1872. He signed the ____________ to guarantee African Americans equal treatment in public accommodations, transportation, and juries.
Samuel Tilden
He was famous for opposing New York City's Tammany Hall political machine and its corrupt boss William M. Tweed.
Rutherford B. Hayes
The Republican candidate was Ohio Governor _____________. He was a Union general during the Civil War.
Note 
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