Epidemic and Pandemics

Quarantine

Used when person is suspected carrier

Isolation

Used with confirmed cases

Infectious Agents

Bacteria

Viruses

Parasites

Fungi

Killers from the past

Bubonic plague, cholera, measles, smallpox

What Worked? Purification of water

Reduced cholera, other water-borne illness

What Worked? Milk Pasteurization

Heating milk

What Worked? Proper Sewage Disposal

Plumbing

What Worked? Nutrition/Hygiene

Living healthier

Contact Tracing

Find patient zero

Immunization

Make person resistant to infectious disease

Antibiotics

Medicine to treat bacterial infection

Bacteria examples

Cholera, tetanus, tuberculosis

Virus examples

Smallpox, measles, HIV

Parasite examples

Malaria, ringworms, tapeworms

Chain of Transmission

Agent, Reservoir, Exit, Transmission, Entry, Susceptible Host

Case Study - SARS (2002)

Chinese hid cases

Good public health mitigation

Case Study - Smallpox

Eradicated

Case Study - Polio

Only need to treat humans

Case Study - Rabies

Endemic in bats

Vaccine for after exposure and before symptoms

Case Study - Measles

Eliminated in US

Injury

Accidental

Violence

Intentional harm

Case Study - Ebola

Causes bleeding from orifices

West/Central Africa

Case Study - Influenze

Some strains more dangerous

Case Study - West Nile and Zika

Mosquito-borne illness

Case Study - STIs

Can have benign carriers

Contact tracing encouraged

Case Study - HIV/AIDS

HIV = virus

AIDS = syndrome

Drug-Resistant TB

Aerosolized bacteria

Risk/Crisis COMM - not concerned enough

Help them appreciate the risk

Risk/Crisis COMM - too concerned

Reassure and calm

Risk/Crisis COMM - appropriate concern

Help them cope and function well

Risk Communication

Exchange of info about chances/risks of adverse events

Reduce rumors

Managing Perceptions

Make them accurate

Managing Fear

Make people appropriately scared

Managing Time Constraints

Plan should be in place beforehand

ID Relevant People

Have influential media contacts